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 250 listing(s) found for materials
 Stanford University 3-D Multi-Layer Microstructure Fabrication of Materials
  Having the capability of controlled three-dimensional interconnected spatial distribution of micron-sized features with high aspect ratios is increasingly important in building tissue scaffolds for cells and realizing controlled release mechanisms of drug delivery systems or micro-fluidic devices.Researchers at Stanford have developed a process for fabrication of three-dimensional interconnected c...
 University of California, Irvine A Device to Measure the Flow of Liquids Due to Pipe Leakage Via Measurements of Water Loss
  University researchers have developed a new test instrument to accurately quantify water loss at different water levels in discrete sections of pipe. This new instrument allows for new levels of: sensitivity (the exfiltration flow rates that can be detected are on the order of liters/hr.); specificity (the ability to vary the depth of water within the pipe allows for measurements of leakage at dif...
 University of California, Los Angeles A Method to Design Symmetrical Nanomaterials using Self-assembling Proteins
  The emerging field of nanotechnology has allowed the ability to design and fabricate novel small materials with sizes or length scales in the nanometer range that can serve complex functions. These materials fall into a variety of architectural classes, such as compact cluster, hollow shells, tubes, two-dimensional layers, and three-dimensional molecular networks. These materials can subsequently...
 University of California, Los Angeles A Method To Fabricate Polymer Solar Cells
  Organic solar cells have attracted significant research and commercial interest due to their low cost fabrication and flexibility. However, they suffer from relatively low conversion efficiency rates. This is due to the fact that the bottleneck of organic solar cells is the carrier transport from the (p-n) interface to the metal electrodes. BHJ provides a way to improve carrier transport across t...
 University of California, Irvine A Microfluidic Dynamic Vapor Control System
  University researchers have developed a small, integrated system to dynamically change the chemistry of a small drop by controlling the vapor. This system uses microfluidic vapor lines and on-board vapor reservoirs that can be actuated to produce vapor on demand. It also identifies storing the reagents or materials needed to generate the vapor on the same device for a convenient, disposable cartri...
 University of California, Berkeley A New Process for Biomolecule Patterning
  Patterning of biomolecules is important in areas like biological analysis, diagnostics and genomics. In addition, molecular patterning could be useful for spatial control of various surface properties such as hydrophobicity and surface charge.Currently, molecules are patterned using lithography, stamping, or using scanning tips. Lithography requires either specially synthesized light-sensitive mol...
 University of California, Berkeley A New Process for Biomolecule Patterning
  Patterning of biomolecules is important in areas like biological analysis, diagnostics and genomics. In addition, molecular patterning could be useful for spatial control of various surface properties such as hydrophobicity and surface charge.Currently, molecules are patterned using lithography, stamping, or using scanning tips. Lithography requires either specially synthesized light-sensitive mol...
 University of California, Berkeley A New Process for Biomolecule Patterning
  Patterning of biomolecules is important in areas like biological analysis, diagnostics and genomics. In addition, molecular patterning could be useful for spatial control of various surface properties such as hydrophobicity and surface charge.Currently, molecules are patterned using lithography, stamping, or using scanning tips. Lithography requires either specially synthesized light-sensitive mol...
 University of California, Berkeley A New Process for Biomolecule Patterning
  Patterning of biomolecules is important in areas like biological analysis, diagnostics and genomics. In addition, molecular patterning could be useful for spatial control of various surface properties such as hydrophobicity and surface charge.Currently, molecules are patterned using lithography, stamping, or using scanning tips. Lithography requires either specially synthesized light-sensitive mol...
 University of California, Berkeley A New Process for Biomolecule Patterning
  Patterning of biomolecules is important in areas like biological analysis, diagnostics and genomics. In addition, molecular patterning could be useful for spatial control of various surface properties such as hydrophobicity and surface charge.Currently, molecules are patterned using lithography, stamping, or using scanning tips. Lithography requires either specially synthesized light-sensitive mol...
 University of California, Berkeley A New Process for Biomolecule Patterning
  Patterning of biomolecules is important in areas like biological analysis, diagnostics and genomics. In addition, molecular patterning could be useful for spatial control of various surface properties such as hydrophobicity and surface charge.Currently, molecules are patterned using lithography, stamping, or using scanning tips. Lithography requires either specially synthesized light-sensitive mol...
 University of California, Irvine A New Process Of Adding Alkyl Groups To Organic Substrates Using TmI2(MeOCH2CH2OMe)3
  Researchers at the University of California, Irvine, have discovered a compound that allows a variety of important chemical transformations to be accomplished using cheaper materials and eliminates the use of some carcinogenic reagents in the currently used systems....
 University of California, Irvine A Technique to Make Carbon Nanotube Electrodes
  The present invention includes: 1) the use of carbon nanotubes as electrodes for dielectrophoretic trapping, 2) dielectrophoresis assisted assembly of nano-cuicuit made of macromolecules, and 3) electronically assisted chemical reaction for biological applications. More particularly, the present invention provides a specific dielectrophoresis system using carbon nanotubes as electrodes to pave the...
 Stanford University Acoustic Time Domain Reflectometry and Acoustic Reflection Coefficient Phase Measurements for In-Situ Film Thickness Measurements
  This invention is a system and method for non-invasive, in situ and real time measurement of film thickness. It uses the propagation of an acoustic wave through a film and its reflection at a boundary to provide data for determining the film thickness. ...
 Stanford University Advanced Gate Electrode with Depletion Suppression and Tunable Workfunction
  This improved gate structure provides a tunable gate workfunction for transistor threshold adjustment, and at the same time increases the carrier concentration in the gate electrode, to enhance the transistor drive. Using this approach eliminates a wide range of problems that are currently faced in MOS device technology, such as carrier depletion in the gate and threshold implantation into the cha...
 University of California, Irvine Advanced Materials Processing
  University researchers have developed a method called In Situ Variable Equal Channel Angular Pressing (VECAP) - a system and method for producing ultra-fine grain and nanocrystalline materials with a desired gradient in microstructure. Conventional ECAP has involved the use of an extrusion die with a fixed angle that is typically in the range of 140 to 90 degrees. The present invention involves a ...
 California Institute of Technology Advanced thermoelectric materials with enhanced crystal lattice structure and methods of preparation
  New skutterudite phases including Ru.sub.0.5 Pd.sub.0.5 Sb.sub.3, RuSb.sub.2 Te, and FeSb.sub.2 Te, have been prepared having desirable thermoelectric properties. In addition, a novel thermoelectric device has been prepared using skutterudite phase Fe.sub....
 Stanford University Alkyl Monolayers Synthesized with Free Radical Chemistry Covalently Bonded to Silicon
  This patented technology allows covalent bonding of a molecular layer of a selected molecular moiety to a silicon surface. The silicon surface is first etched to form a hydrogenated silicon surface. The surface is then combined with a free radical-producing compound to produce the selected molecular moiety. Lastly, the combined silicon surface and the free radical-producing compound are heated to ...
 University of California, Davis Alumina-Titania Nanocomposites from Plasma Sprayed Aluminum Titanate
  Nanocomposites of alumina and titania from plasma sprayed aluminum titanate powders were developed by researchers at the University of California, Davis. Using novel powder preparation and consolidation techniques, the composites can be consolidated to full density while retaining a nanocrystalline grain size. These materials have potential for low temperature/high strain rate superplastic forming...
 University of California, Los Angeles Amorphous Ferroelectric Materials
  A variety of new amorphous ferroelectric materials are formed by a sol-gel process. This is accomplished at temperatures well below the temperatures at which crystallization occurs. Soluble transition metal complexes in organic solvents are used as precursors to ceramic films. These solutions may be spincast on essentially any substrate, conductor or nonconductor, crystalline or amorphous, trans...
 California Institute of Technology Amorphous silica having discrete voids and spatially organized functionalities formed therein
  The present invention relates to amorphous inorganic materials having pores of controlled size and shape with one or more spatially organized functional groups formed therein. Much like the active site residues in an enzyme, these functional groups can be ...
 University of California, Berkeley An Inexpensive and Highly Sensitive, Micromachined Pressure Sensor Device
  Micromachined pressure sensors are important for biomedical, automotive, and lab-on-a-chip applications. Most sensors are based either on capacitance changes across a Si cavity or resistance changes in piezoresistive materials as a response to applied pressure.Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a new type of pressure sensor based on a new mechanical design. The se...
 University of California, Berkeley An Inexpensive and Highly Sensitive, Micromachined Pressure Sensor Device
  Micromachined pressure sensors are important for biomedical, automotive, and lab-on-a-chip applications. Most sensors are based either on capacitance changes across a Si cavity or resistance changes in piezoresistive materials as a response to applied pressure.Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a new type of pressure sensor based on a new mechanical design. The se...
 University of California, Berkeley An Inexpensive and Highly Sensitive, Micromachined Pressure Sensor Device
  Micromachined pressure sensors are important for biomedical, automotive, and lab-on-a-chip applications. Most sensors are based either on capacitance changes across a Si cavity or resistance changes in piezoresistive materials as a response to applied pressure.Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a new type of pressure sensor based on a new mechanical design. The se...
 University of California, Berkeley An Inexpensive and Highly Sensitive, Micromachined Pressure Sensor Device
  Micromachined pressure sensors are important for biomedical, automotive, and lab-on-a-chip applications. Most sensors are based either on capacitance changes across a Si cavity or resistance changes in piezoresistive materials as a response to applied pressure.Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a new type of pressure sensor based on a new mechanical design. The se...
 University of California, Berkeley An Inexpensive and Highly Sensitive, Micromachined Pressure Sensor Device
  Micromachined pressure sensors are important for biomedical, automotive, and lab-on-a-chip applications. Most sensors are based either on capacitance changes across a Si cavity or resistance changes in piezoresistive materials as a response to applied pressure.Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a new type of pressure sensor based on a new mechanical design. The se...
 University of California, Berkeley An Inexpensive and Highly Sensitive, Micromachined Pressure Sensor Device
  Micromachined pressure sensors are important for biomedical, automotive, and lab-on-a-chip applications. Most sensors are based either on capacitance changes across a Si cavity or resistance changes in piezoresistive materials as a response to applied pressure.Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a new type of pressure sensor based on a new mechanical design. The se...
 University of California, Berkeley Analytical Methods and Test Structures for Measuring Properties of Micro- and Nano- Scale Systems
  As micro- and nano-scale electromechanical systems become commercially established, the widespread success of these products will be hindered unless testing methods and standards are developed to measure the properties of these products. Currently, the lack of testing methods and standards makes it difficult for customers to specify their requirements, and manufacturers to specify the properties o...
 University of California, Berkeley Analytical Methods and Test Structures for Measuring Properties of Micro- and Nano- Scale Systems
  As micro- and nano-scale electromechanical systems become commercially established, the widespread success of these products will be hindered unless testing methods and standards are developed to measure the properties of these products. Currently, the lack of testing methods and standards makes it difficult for customers to specify their requirements, and manufacturers to specify the properties o...
 University of California, Berkeley Analytical Methods and Test Structures for Measuring Properties of Micro- and Nano- Scale Systems
  As micro- and nano-scale electromechanical systems become commercially established, the widespread success of these products will be hindered unless testing methods and standards are developed to measure the properties of these products. Currently, the lack of testing methods and standards makes it difficult for customers to specify their requirements, and manufacturers to specify the properties o...
 University of California, Berkeley Analytical Methods and Test Structures for Measuring Properties of Micro- and Nano- Scale Systems
  As micro- and nano-scale electromechanical systems become commercially established, the widespread success of these products will be hindered unless testing methods and standards are developed to measure the properties of these products. Currently, the lack of testing methods and standards makes it difficult for customers to specify their requirements, and manufacturers to specify the properties o...
 University of California, Los Angeles Application of a Conducting Polymer as Electric Glue and Lead-Free Solders
  Organic materials are good candidates for electric glue, since they have a low melting temperature and their chemical structure can be readily modified to bond to a variety of materials through a chemical reaction or crosslinking or by exposure to light. However the advantage of organic materials has not been fully explored....
 University of California, Irvine Applications of Photonic Crystals with Degenerate Spectral Band Edge
  University researchers have developed a photonic crystal with specially designed geometry and composition capable of slowing down electromagnetic pulses, thereby enhancing the physical characteristics of non-linear and other active electromagnetic materials, as well as enhancing and reducing sizes of various electromagnetic devices....
 University of California, Los Angeles Artificial Human Mutation Controls for Clinical Diagnostic Genetic and Proficiency Testing
  The rapid pace of disease gene discovery, fueled by the Human Genome Project, has caused an explosion in the number of analytes tested by molecular diagnostic laboratories, especially those involved in heritable disease testing. The lack of well-characterized control materials containing mutations of interest to serve as positive controls in the assays creates a major problem for genetic testing...
 University of California, Irvine Assay, Methods And Products Based On N K+ Channel Expression
  This disclosure relates to the n K.sup.+ channel expression product of the MK3 gene or a functionally bioactive equivalent thereof and its uses, particulary in combination with identifying immune responses and materials modulating or blocking same....
 University of California, Berkeley Axial Light-Force Sensor
  Commercially available optical tweezers can move objects using laser light, but they are generally not used to measure forces exerted on those objects, since accurate force calibration is difficult. Research in the field of optical trapping has led to the development of optical tweezers that measure forces (transverse to optic axis) by changes in light-momentum. Force calibration is greatly simpli...
 University of California, Berkeley Axial Light-Force Sensor
  Commercially available optical tweezers can move objects using laser light, but they are generally not used to measure forces exerted on those objects, since accurate force calibration is difficult. Research in the field of optical trapping has led to the development of optical tweezers that measure forces (transverse to optic axis) by changes in light-momentum. Force calibration is greatly simpli...
 University of California, Berkeley Axial Light-Force Sensor
  Commercially available optical tweezers can move objects using laser light, but they are generally not used to measure forces exerted on those objects, since accurate force calibration is difficult. Research in the field of optical trapping has led to the development of optical tweezers that measure forces (transverse to optic axis) by changes in light-momentum. Force calibration is greatly simpli...
 University of California, Berkeley Axial Light-Force Sensor
  Commercially available optical tweezers can move objects using laser light, but they are generally not used to measure forces exerted on those objects, since accurate force calibration is difficult. Research in the field of optical trapping has led to the development of optical tweezers that measure forces (transverse to optic axis) by changes in light-momentum. Force calibration is greatly simpli...
 University of California, Berkeley Axial Light-Force Sensor
  Commercially available optical tweezers can move objects using laser light, but they are generally not used to measure forces exerted on those objects, since accurate force calibration is difficult. Research in the field of optical trapping has led to the development of optical tweezers that measure forces (transverse to optic axis) by changes in light-momentum. Force calibration is greatly simpli...
 University of California, Berkeley Axial Light-Force Sensor
  Commercially available optical tweezers can move objects using laser light, but they are generally not used to measure forces exerted on those objects, since accurate force calibration is difficult. Research in the field of optical trapping has led to the development of optical tweezers that measure forces (transverse to optic axis) by changes in light-momentum. Force calibration is greatly simpli...
 University of California, Berkeley Axial Light-Force Sensor
  Commercially available optical tweezers can move objects using laser light, but they are generally not used to measure forces exerted on those objects, since accurate force calibration is difficult. Research in the field of optical trapping has led to the development of optical tweezers that measure forces (transverse to optic axis) by changes in light-momentum. Force calibration is greatly simpli...
 University of California, Berkeley Axial Light-Force Sensor
  Commercially available optical tweezers can move objects using laser light, but they are generally not used to measure forces exerted on those objects, since accurate force calibration is difficult. Research in the field of optical trapping has led to the development of optical tweezers that measure forces (transverse to optic axis) by changes in light-momentum. Force calibration is greatly simpli...
 University of California, Los Angeles Backfire-to-Endfire Leaky-Wave Antenna
  Conventional leaky-wave antennas use higher-order modes to frequency scan and as a consequence are limited to scanning half-space (broadside-to-endfire). In addition, special feeding structures must be added to suppress the dominant frequency mode. These additional elements increase the system's size and cost....
 University of California, Los Angeles Bacterial Growth Media Derived from Non-mammalian Components
  Bacteriological growth media have traditionally been derived from animal, especially bovine, products that are high in nutritional value. These include tissues such as blood, serum, or chopped meat but can also be derived from broths, infusions or extracts of tissues (meat, brain, heart, liver) as well as enzymatic or acidic hydrolysates of meat, gelatin or milk casein. These nutrients, however,...
 Stanford University Bio Application of E-O Pump
  Electroosmotic (EO) pumps drive fluids without moving mechanical parts using applied electric fields. They are capable of generating high pressure and flow. Since they feature no moving mechanical parts, the associated generation of acoustic and electrical noise is eliminated and reliability is improved. Electroosmotic pumps are fabricated with materials and structures that improve performance, ef...
 University of California, Berkeley Biocompatible Nanostructures for Ultrasensitive Biomolecular Sensors and Cellular Imaging
  A variety of nanostructures have been developed for use in biomolecular detection. The nanosphere is the most widely used structure because of unique, highly desirable properties that make it a superior detection platform for life science research, in vitro diagnostic testing, and in vivo imaging. Other structures such as nanotips, nanorings, and nanocups have also been demonstrated for use in hig...
 University of California, Berkeley Biocompatible Nanostructures for Ultrasensitive Biomolecular Sensors and Cellular Imaging
  A variety of nanostructures have been developed for use in biomolecular detection. The nanosphere is the most widely used structure because of unique, highly desirable properties that make it a superior detection platform for life science research, in vitro diagnostic testing, and in vivo imaging. Other structures such as nanotips, nanorings, and nanocups have also been demonstrated for use in hig...
 University of California, Berkeley Biocompatible Nanostructures for Ultrasensitive Biomolecular Sensors and Cellular Imaging
  A variety of nanostructures have been developed for use in biomolecular detection. The nanosphere is the most widely used structure because of unique, highly desirable properties that make it a superior detection platform for life science research, in vitro diagnostic testing, and in vivo imaging. Other structures such as nanotips, nanorings, and nanocups have also been demonstrated for use in hig...
 University of California, Berkeley Biocompatible Nanostructures for Ultrasensitive Biomolecular Sensors and Cellular Imaging
  A variety of nanostructures have been developed for use in biomolecular detection. The nanosphere is the most widely used structure because of unique, highly desirable properties that make it a superior detection platform for life science research, in vitro diagnostic testing, and in vivo imaging. Other structures such as nanotips, nanorings, and nanocups have also been demonstrated for use in hig...
 University of California, Berkeley Biocompatible Nanostructures for Ultrasensitive Biomolecular Sensors and Cellular Imaging
  A variety of nanostructures have been developed for use in biomolecular detection. The nanosphere is the most widely used structure because of unique, highly desirable properties that make it a superior detection platform for life science research, in vitro diagnostic testing, and in vivo imaging. Other structures such as nanotips, nanorings, and nanocups have also been demonstrated for use in hig...
 University of California, Berkeley Biocompatible Nanostructures for Ultrasensitive Biomolecular Sensors and Cellular Imaging
  A variety of nanostructures have been developed for use in biomolecular detection. The nanosphere is the most widely used structure because of unique, highly desirable properties that make it a superior detection platform for life science research, in vitro diagnostic testing, and in vivo imaging. Other structures such as nanotips, nanorings, and nanocups have also been demonstrated for use in hig...
 University of California, Berkeley Biocompatible Nanostructures for Ultrasensitive Biomolecular Sensors and Cellular Imaging
  A variety of nanostructures have been developed for use in biomolecular detection. The nanosphere is the most widely used structure because of unique, highly desirable properties that make it a superior detection platform for life science research, in vitro diagnostic testing, and in vivo imaging. Other structures such as nanotips, nanorings, and nanocups have also been demonstrated for use in hig...
 Stanford University Biological Metallic Nanowires
  There has been a growing interest in the field of nano-scale science and technology to efficiently and economically produce molecular sized components for use in new biological and electronics applications. This invention demonstrates the synthesis of metallic nanowires using a biological approach. ...
 University of California, Berkeley Broad Bandwidth and Highly Reflective Gratings
  Broadband mirrors with very high reflectivity are essential for applications such as telecommunications, surveillance, sensors and imaging. Among the various conventional mirror designs, metal mirrors have larger reflection bandwidths but lower reflectivities; as a result they are not suitable for fabricating transmission-type optical devices such as etalon filters. Dielectric distributed Bragg re...
 University of California, Berkeley Broad Bandwidth and Highly Reflective Gratings
  Broadband mirrors with very high reflectivity are essential for applications such as telecommunications, surveillance, sensors and imaging. Among the various conventional mirror designs, metal mirrors have larger reflection bandwidths but lower reflectivities; as a result they are not suitable for fabricating transmission-type optical devices such as etalon filters. Dielectric distributed Bragg re...
 University of California, Berkeley Broad Bandwidth and Highly Reflective Gratings
  Broadband mirrors with very high reflectivity are essential for applications such as telecommunications, surveillance, sensors and imaging. Among the various conventional mirror designs, metal mirrors have larger reflection bandwidths but lower reflectivities; as a result they are not suitable for fabricating transmission-type optical devices such as etalon filters. Dielectric distributed Bragg re...
 University of California, Berkeley Broad Bandwidth and Highly Reflective Gratings
  Broadband mirrors with very high reflectivity are essential for applications such as telecommunications, surveillance, sensors and imaging. Among the various conventional mirror designs, metal mirrors have larger reflection bandwidths but lower reflectivities; as a result they are not suitable for fabricating transmission-type optical devices such as etalon filters. Dielectric distributed Bragg re...
 University of California, Berkeley Broad Bandwidth and Highly Reflective Gratings
  Broadband mirrors with very high reflectivity are essential for applications such as telecommunications, surveillance, sensors and imaging. Among the various conventional mirror designs, metal mirrors have larger reflection bandwidths but lower reflectivities; as a result they are not suitable for fabricating transmission-type optical devices such as etalon filters. Dielectric distributed Bragg re...
 University of California, Berkeley Broad Bandwidth and Highly Reflective Gratings
  Broadband mirrors with very high reflectivity are essential for applications such as telecommunications, surveillance, sensors and imaging. Among the various conventional mirror designs, metal mirrors have larger reflection bandwidths but lower reflectivities; as a result they are not suitable for fabricating transmission-type optical devices such as etalon filters. Dielectric distributed Bragg re...
 University of California, Berkeley Bulk Hydrophilic Imprinted Silica
  The objective of molecular imprinting is to create solid materials containing chemical functionalities that are spatially organized by interactions with imprint (or template) molecules during the synthesis process. Subsequent removal of the imprint molecules leaves behind designed sites for the recognition of small molecules, making the material ideally suited for applications such as separations,...
 University of California, Berkeley Bulk Hydrophilic Imprinted Silica
  The objective of molecular imprinting is to create solid materials containing chemical functionalities that are spatially organized by interactions with imprint (or template) molecules during the synthesis process. Subsequent removal of the imprint molecules leaves behind designed sites for the recognition of small molecules, making the material ideally suited for applications such as separations,...
 University of California, Berkeley Bulk Hydrophilic Imprinted Silica
  The objective of molecular imprinting is to create solid materials containing chemical functionalities that are spatially organized by interactions with imprint (or template) molecules during the synthesis process. Subsequent removal of the imprint molecules leaves behind designed sites for the recognition of small molecules, making the material ideally suited for applications such as separations,...
 University of California, Berkeley Bulk Hydrophilic Imprinted Silica
  The objective of molecular imprinting is to create solid materials containing chemical functionalities that are spatially organized by interactions with imprint (or template) molecules during the synthesis process. Subsequent removal of the imprint molecules leaves behind designed sites for the recognition of small molecules, making the material ideally suited for applications such as separations,...
 University of California, Berkeley Bulk Hydrophilic Imprinted Silica
  The objective of molecular imprinting is to create solid materials containing chemical functionalities that are spatially organized by interactions with imprint (or template) molecules during the synthesis process. Subsequent removal of the imprint molecules leaves behind designed sites for the recognition of small molecules, making the material ideally suited for applications such as separations,...
 California Institute of Technology Catalyst materials for fuel cells
  An improved direct liquid-feed fuel cell having a solid membrane electrolyte for electrochemical reactions of an organic fuel. Improvements in interfacing of the catalyst layer and the membrane and activating catalyst materials are disclosed....
 University of California, Los Angeles Catalyzed Organometallic Chemical Vapor Deposition (OMCVD) of Metal Films
  Deposition of thin metal films from volatile organometallic precursors usually is accompanied by the undesirable incorporation of heteroatom contaminants derived from the precursor ligands. The novel OMCVD process that has been developed allows the ready deposition of pure, thin films of metals which are not deposited, or not easily deposited, in high purity. This process involves the prior depo...
 University of California, Berkeley Cell Surface Engineering/Chemoselective Ligation Reaction
  Also see: E. Saxon and C. R. Bertozzi, Cell Surface Engineering By A Modified Staudinger Reaction, Science 2000 Mar. 17: 287 (5460): 2007-2010.Selective chemical reactions enacted within a cellular environment can be powerful tools for elucidating biological processes or engineering novel interactions. A chemical transformation that permits the selective formation of covalent adducts among richly ...
 Stanford University Cell-free synthesis of active mammalian proteins containing multiple disulfide bonds
  Cytotoxic, unstable, and insoluble proteins are difficult to produce using standard in vivo techniques. Cell-free protein synthesis techniques can overcome these challenges, and are also useful for the incorporation of unnatural amino acids. However, previous in vitro methods have been inefficient due to failure of protein products to readily fold into the native three-dimensional configuration re...
 University of California, Irvine Cell-Permeable Enzyme Activation Reporter (PTD-Modified Reporters)
  UC researchers have developed an efficient method to deliver biologically active proteins into intact cells. The invention uses a peptide chemically conjugated to a reporter (substrate peptide and fluorescent tag) to effect transport of cell-impermeable molecules across cellular membranes. The peptide is either a peptide transduction domain (PTD) or a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP). The molecule i...
 University of California, Berkeley Chemical Vapor Deposition and Selective Etching of Silicon Carbide Films
  Silicon carbide (SiC) is an ideal material for high-temperature, high-power, and high-voltage electronic devices. SiC also has many additional properties that make it well-suited to microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) that are required to work in harsh environments. While the material is promising, deposition of SiC has only been achieved in high-vacuum, custom-built systems that yield small sam...
 University of California, Berkeley Chemical Vapor Deposition and Selective Etching of Silicon Carbide Films
  Silicon carbide (SiC) is an ideal material for high-temperature, high-power, and high-voltage electronic devices. SiC also has many additional properties that make it well-suited to microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) that are required to work in harsh environments. While the material is promising, deposition of SiC has only been achieved in high-vacuum, custom-built systems that yield small sam...
 Stanford University Clean Catalyst Delivery
  Preparation of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) in large quantity with high purity is very important issue because of their potential in future applications, such as molecular nanoelectrocnics, field emission display, bio- and gas sensor, etc. This invention involves a novel method for the preparation of catalytic nanoparticles for the synthesis of SWNTs with high purity and high yield. This i...
 California Institute of Technology Coal desulfurization
  A method for enhancing solubilizing mass transport of reactive agents into and out of carbonaceous materials, such as coal. Solubility parameters of mass transfer and solvent media are matched to individual peaks in the solubility parameter spectrum of coa...
 University of California, Davis Cold Spray Nanomaterials and Coatings
  Researchers at University of California, Davis and Perpetual Technologies have developed a two-step, cold-spray process to produce nano-structured metals, alloys and/or composites in the form of coatings, welds, and/or near net shape parts. The first step, powder synthesis, is achieved using mechanical alloying techniques, where a conventional grain size material (micron range grain size) is reduc...
 University of Southern California Composite Foam Made from Polymer Microspheres Reinforced by Long Fibers
  A new technological process was developed for the synthesis of fiber-reinforced foam to overcome the limitation of the use of long fibers in low-density reinforced foams. This approach does not have viscous flow and fiber arrangement limitations that are the inherent peculiarities of existing fiber-reinforced foam technology.This novel process for making foam is based on thermoplastic expandable h...
 University of California, Los Angeles Composite Right/Left-Handed Couplers
  A well-known problem of conventional microstrip parallel-coupled couplers is that of achieving a tight backward-wave coupling because of the excessively small line-gap required. Alternative solutions include non-coupled-line couplers such as the branch-line or rat-race, are inherently narrowband (<15%)....
 University of California, Los Angeles Compounds for use in Organic Light Emitting Devices (OLEDs)
  Researchers in the UCLA Department of Chemistry have developed a new class of compounds for use in organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) and a method of preparation. Novel compounds that include the structure of Indolizino [3,4,5-ab] Isoindole are prepared. These compounds have high luminescence and narrow spectra. OLEDs with the invented compounds show good performance at room temperature in b...
 University of California, Los Angeles Conductivity Enhancement of a Polymer Film via Inert Solvent Surface Treatment
  Developed in the 1970s, conductive polymers initially generated a great deal of interest due to the possibility of replacing metal conductors in a wide variety of applications. Conductive polymers used as wires for integrated circuits could have a dramatic impact on manufacturing costs. Electrostatic discharge shields and electromagnetic interference shields for consumer products such as computer...
 University of California, Davis Consolidation of Nanocrystalline Materials with Minimal Grain Growth
  A novel approach for the consolidation of nanocrystalline metallic powders using the Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) method has been developed by researchers at the University of California, Davis. Conventional consolidation methods currently available (i.e., HIP) have demonstrated their limitations or drawbacks. Usually, isotropic microstructures and properties are observed after HIP, which...
 University of California, Berkeley Construction Analysis for Pavement Rehabilitation Stategies (CA4PRS)
  Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed simulation software to carry out a constructability analysis for highway rehabilitation and reconstruction projects. This software interactively links factors such as rehabilitation materials, design profiles, curing/cooling time, number and capacity of construction resources, type of construction scheduling, and alternative lane...
 University of Southern California Contour Crafting: A Novel Hybrid Rapid Prototyping Technique
  The invention concerns a new additive fabrication process that is useful for rapid prototyping and actual production of small to medium lot sizes of parts which may have complex geometries and large sizes....
 California Institute of Technology Cooling device featuring thermoelectric and diamond materials for temperature control of heat-dissipating devices
  A cooling device for lowering the temperature of a heat-dissipating device. The cooling device includes a heat-conducting substrate (composed, e.g., of diamond or another high thermal conductivity material) disposed in thermal contact with the heat-dissipa...
 University of Southern California Crosslinked Siloxane Films Catalyzed by Water-Soluble Acids
  This is a process for preparing thin siloxane films and elastomers by crosslinking telechelic siloxane oligomers with multifunctional silanes. Common siloxane crosslinking procedures rely on tin or platinum catalysts, which may have toxic effects on their environment or affect the product's performance characteristics. The use of water-soluble phosphorous containing acids allows the catalyst to be...
 University of California, Berkeley Crystallographic Alignment of High-Density Gallium Nitride Nanowire Arrays
  Single-crystalline, one-dimensional semiconductor nanostructures are one of the critical building blocks for nanoscale optoelectronics. Research has demonstrated precise control over nanowire position and size, but to date no reports have been made demonstrating control over crystallographic growth direction of nanowire arrays. Control over nanowire growth direction is very desirable in that aniso...
 University of California, Berkeley Crystallographic Alignment of High-Density Gallium Nitride Nanowire Arrays
  Single-crystalline, one-dimensional semiconductor nanostructures are one of the critical building blocks for nanoscale optoelectronics. Research has demonstrated precise control over nanowire position and size, but to date no reports have been made demonstrating control over crystallographic growth direction of nanowire arrays. Control over nanowire growth direction is very desirable in that aniso...
 University of California, Los Angeles Crystallographically Oriented Particle Composites
  Particulate-based composite materials have heretofore been infused with particulates of random orientation. That is, the particulate does not form an organized pattern or structure. Lord and Sandlund (US patent 5,792,284) have produced particulate-based magnetorestrictive composites, wherein the particulates are aligned according to the magnetic field during processing. However, the particulates...
 California Institute of Technology De novo processing of electronic materials
  Computer programs and computer-implemented methods for predicting from first principles the behavior of dopants and defects in the processing of electronic materials. The distribution of dopant and defect components in a substrate lattice is predicted base...
 University of California, Los Angeles Determining the Components of Botanical Mixtures by Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism Analysis (SCCP)
  Many botanicals have a long history of use and are touted as offering a variety of health benefits, including prevention and treatment of heart disease, cancer, stroke, and other disease conditions. It is estimated that more than 80 million people in the U.S. use some type of botanical nutritional supplement. The global market for botanical supplements exceeded $15 billion in 1999 and continues t...
 Stanford University Device and Method for Manufacturing low cost 1.3um VCSEL for Optical Communications
  This invention enables the low cost fabrication of an optical-electronic semiconductor device for that operates at wavelengths above 1.2 microns, particularly for optical communication systems. This technology overcomes many of the current problems facing optical communications systems. This GaInNAs materials system is very promising for this application as it allows the fabrication of VCSELs at 1...
 Stanford University Device and Method for the Three-Dimensional Spatial Localization and Functional Interconnection of Different Types of Cells
  Normal organ processes rely on tissue and cell level anatomies that allow for specialization of function within the organ. Tissue function results from the interaction between these differentiated cell types that express specialized cellular products. Current technologies lack the ability to provide artificially engineered organs and tissues with in vivo anatomies similar to those of the original ...
 Stanford University Devices and Method to Protect Against Embolization
  During stenting procedures, clot and plaque are dispersed into the bloodstream where they can cause serious problems such as stroke. This device provides a way to prevent unwanted materials from embolizing in the body, particularly materials that are dispersed in the distal internal carotid artery (ICA) during carotid stenting. The device consists of a balloon which drives debris in one direction ...
 California Institute of Technology Direct methanol feed fuel cell and system
  Improvements to non acid methanol fuel cells include new formulations for materials. The platinum and ruthenium are more exactly mixed together. Different materials are substituted for these materials. The backing material for the fuel cell electrode is sp...
 California Institute of Technology Direct methanol feed fuel cell and system
  Improvements to non acid methanol fuel cells include new formulations for materials. The platinum and ruthenium are more exactly mixed together. Different materials are substituted for these materials. The backing material for the fuel cell electrode is sp...
 California Institute of Technology Direct methanol feed fuel cell and system
  Improvements to non acid methanol fuel cells include new formulations for materials. The backing material for the fuel cell electrode is specially treated to improve its characteristics. A special sputtered electrode is formed which is extremely porous. Me...
 California Institute of Technology Direct methanol feed fuel cell and system
  Improvements to non-acid methanol fuel cells include new formulations for materials. The platinum and ruthenium are more exactly mixed together. Different materials are substituted for these materials. The backing material for the fuel cell electrode is sp...
 California Institute of Technology Direct methanol feed fuel cell and system
  Improvements to non-acid methanol fuel cells include new formulations for materials. The platinum and ruthenium are more exactly mixed together. Different materials are substituted for these materials. The backing material for the fuel cell electrode is sp...
 California Institute of Technology Direct methanol feed fuel cell and system
  Improvements to non acid methanol fuel cells include new formulations for materials. The platinum and ruthenium are more exactly mixed together. Different materials are substituted for these materials. The backing material for the fuel cell electrode is sp...
 California Institute of Technology Direct methanol feed fuel cell and system
  Improvements to non acid methanol fuel cells include new formulations for materials. The platinum and ruthenium are more exactly mixed together. Different materials are substituted for these materials. The backing material for the fuel cell electrode is sp...
 California Institute of Technology Direct methanol feed fuel cell and system
  Improvements to non acid methanol fuel cells include new formulations for materials. The platinum and ruthenium are more exactly mixed together. Different materials are substituted for these materials. The backing material for the fuel cell electrode is sp...
 California Institute of Technology Direct methanol feed fuel cell and system
  Improvements to non acid methanol fuel cells include new formulations for materials. The platinum and ruthenium are more exactly mixed together. Different materials are substituted for these materials. The backing material for the fuel cell electrode is sp...
 University of Southern California Disposal of Waste CRT Glass Through the Manufacture of Concrete
  This invention encapsulates the lead from cathode ray tube (CRT) waste glass by using it to make concrete composite. CRTs, used in computer monitors and television sets, pose a disposal problem because of their lead content. Tests have shown that USC's method can prevent 99.99% of lead in CRT waste glass from leaching into its surroundings.USC's method replaces part of the sand in concrete composi...
 University of California, Los Angeles Driving Method for Organic Switching Devices
  Due to recent advances in materials technology, organic electronic devices are proven for applications as light emitting diodes, solar cells and active electronics devices. Compounds such as Cu-TCNQ, K-TCNQ and thin films containing fine participles of conductive materials embedded in low conductive organics have exhibited bistability. However, these materials have the problem of having only 2 li...
 California Institute of Technology Dynamic rheometer
  The dynamic mechanical properties of polymeric materials can be measured either in uniaxial compression or in flexure as a function of frequency over a wide frequency as well as temperature range, by using a piezoelectric driver to apply a displacement to ...
 University of California, Davis EDIBLE WATER-INSOLUBLE PROTEIN BASED FILMS FOR USE IN ENHANCING FOOD QUALITY AND PRESERVATION
  Dried food systems, intermediate moisture foods, and fresh produce exhibit potential forimprovement through the use of edible films.Many baked products are susceptible to oxidationfrom the atmosphere and to moisture uptake from the atmosphere or from moist fillings,toppings or ingredients.Many dried and baked products are also susceptible to flavor/aromaloss and lipid migration between food compo...
 University of California, Berkeley Efficient and Accurate Undercut Detection System
  Molding and casting of parts can be done more simply and economically for parts that are free from undercut features, primarily because a more expensive multi-piece mold must be used for parts with such undercut features. Therefore immediate feedback to the designer about the presence of costly undercuts allows for their early removal in the design process. Without immediate and accurate feedback ...
 University of California, Berkeley Efficient and Accurate Undercut Detection System
  Molding and casting of parts can be done more simply and economically for parts that are free from undercut features, primarily because a more expensive multi-piece mold must be used for parts with such undercut features. Therefore immediate feedback to the designer about the presence of costly undercuts allows for their early removal in the design process. Without immediate and accurate feedback ...
 University of California, Berkeley Efficient and Accurate Undercut Detection System
  Molding and casting of parts can be done more simply and economically for parts that are free from undercut features, primarily because a more expensive multi-piece mold must be used for parts with such undercut features. Therefore immediate feedback to the designer about the presence of costly undercuts allows for their early removal in the design process. Without immediate and accurate feedback ...
 University of California, Berkeley Efficient and Accurate Undercut Detection System
  Molding and casting of parts can be done more simply and economically for parts that are free from undercut features, primarily because a more expensive multi-piece mold must be used for parts with such undercut features. Therefore immediate feedback to the designer about the presence of costly undercuts allows for their early removal in the design process. Without immediate and accurate feedback ...
 University of California, Davis Efficient Production of 14C-Vitamin B12 for Human Microdosing and Other Applications
  A novel and an efficient method for producing isotopically-labeled forms of vitamin B12 (cobalamins) has been developed by scientists at the University of California, Davis. This invention is coupled to the development of a new set of clinical and diagnostic technologies related to vitamin B12 deficiency and metabolism. Determination of 57Co-B12 is not particularly sensitive or quantitative (i.e.,...
 Stanford University Electrical Through-Wafer Interconnects
  Electrical through-wafer interconnect is an efficient scheme to electrically address individual devices on different wafers for hybrid integration. By stacking of wafers, it provides vertical electrical through put for three-dimensional wafer level packaging, especially for micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) applications. ...
 California Institute of Technology Electrically conducting ternary amorphous fully oxidized materials and their application
  Electrically active devices are formed using a special conducting material of the form Tm--Ox mixed with SiO2 where the materials are immiscible. The immiscible materials are forced together by using high energy process to form an amorphous phase of the tw...
 California Institute of Technology Electrically conducting ternary amorphous fully oxidized materials and their application
  Electrically active devices are formed using a special conducting material of the form Tm-Ox mixed with SiO2 where the materials are immiscible. The immiscible materials are forced together by using high energy process to form an amorphous phase of the two...
 University of California, Los Angeles Electrochemically Fabricated Conductive Polymer Nanowire Sensors
  Several methods exist to produce nanowires for sensing. These involve carbon nanotubes, silicon nanowires and polymerization of large arrays of oriented polyaniline nanowires. Current methods in using polymer nanostructures involve the use of carbon nanotubes onto which non-covalently attached receptors are applied. The issue with this approach is background noise, especially for solution-state s...
 University of California, Los Angeles Electrode Modification Using Stacked Layer Structure for Polymer/Organic Electronic Devices
  Polymer or organic electronic devices are gaining greater commercial interest as displays, solar cells, sensors and many other combinations of these devices and applications.One way to improve the efficiency and lower the cost of plastic solar cells is to implement such devices is to create multiple-layered devices, or stacks, of polymeric and metallic thin films. For example, multiple polymer la...
 Stanford University Electronic Field Controlled Diffraction in Photrefractive Strontium Barium Niobate (SrxBa1-xNb2O6)
  This invention describes a system for enhancing, controlling and maintaining the signal-to-noise ratio of holograms recorded in photorefractive materials. The technique is based upon the combination of three performance improvement methods: 1) utilization of electrically controlled diffraction (ECD) to improve signal strength; 2) operation of the holographic material at or above the phase transiti...
 University of California, Los Angeles Electronics Integrated with Bio-Reactor Channel for Detection or Fabrication of Bio-Materials
  Biosensors detect biological/chemical species with high selectivity on the basis of molecular recognition, rather than the physical properties of analytes. Many types of these biosensing devices have been developed in recent years, including enzyme electrodes, optical immunosensors, ligand-receptor amperometers, and evanescent-wave probes. Typical sensor-based methods for identifying biological a...
 University of California, Los Angeles Electronics Integrated with Bio-Reactor Channel For Detection or Fabrication of Bio-Materials
  Biosensors detect biological/chemical species with high selectivity on the basis of molecular recognition, rather than the physical properties of analytes. Many types of these biosensing devices have been developed in recent years, including enzyme electrodes, optical immunosensors, ligand-receptor amperometers, and evanescent-wave probes. Typical sensor-based methods for identifying biological a...
 Stanford University Electroosmotic micropumps with planar features
  Two types of electroosmotic micropumps with planar features have been invented that can be built and integrated with microfabricated devices. These pumps address the challenge posed by applications requiring high fluidic pressures in IC or microsystems applications. Electroosmotic pumping is induced by the application of electric field to a fluid channel with charged walls. The working liquids can...
 Stanford University Electrostatically Tunable Surface Emitting Laser/Detector
  This invention is a microlaser or other optical device having a monolithically integrated Fabry-Perot cavity, which is tunable electrostatically in a quite simple manner. One of the applications of this invention would be in Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM), where many optical communication channels are transmitted at different wavelengths on the same optical fiber or waveguide, a single dev...
 Stanford University Endovascular Treatment of Wide Neck Cerebral Aneurysms
  Wide neck cerebral aneurysms pose a high risk of rupture and potential death. Most patients diagnosed with this type of aneurysm are treated with craniotomy (open skull surgery). Although non-invasive alternatives exist, they are currently effective only on a narrow segment of these aneurysms with amenable geometries/anatomy.The inventors have developed a device that will allow for non-invasive en...
 California Institute of Technology Enhanced adhesion by high energy bombardment
  Films (12) of gold, copper, silicon nitride, or other materials are firmly bonded to insulator substrates (12) such as silica, a ferrite, or Teflon (polytetrafluorethylene) by irradiating the interface with high energy ions. Apparently, track forming proce...
 California Institute of Technology Enhanced adhesion of films to semiconductors or metals by high energy bombardment
  Films (12) of a metal such as gold or other non-insulator materials are firmly bonded to other non-insulators such as semiconductor substrates (10), suitably silicon or gallium arsenide by irradiating the interface with high energy ions. The process result...
 Stanford University Enhanced In Vitro Synthesis
  Cytotoxic, unstable and insoluble proteins are difficult to produce using standard in vivo techniques. Cell-free protein synthesis can overcome these challenges and is also useful for incorporating unnatural amino acids. However, previous in vitro methods have been inefficient due to short reaction time and expensive reagents. This invention describes novel techniques and materials that have been ...
 University of California, Davis Enhanced Nano-Materials Produced More Efficiently
  A composite ceramic material with significantly improved fracture toughness and hardness was produced by researchers at University of California, Davis through the incorporation of silicon carbide whiskers into a ceramic matrix. Using novel powder preparation, and consolidation techniques, silicon carbide whiskers and nanopowders of alumina are combined into a composite with remarkable mechanical ...
 California Institute of Technology Enzyme-mediated modification of fibrin for tissue engineering
  The invention provides fibrin-based, biocompatible materials useful in promoting cell growth, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. These materials are provided as part of several cell and tissue scaffolding structures that provide particular application...
 California Institute of Technology Enzyme-mediated modification of fivrin for tissue engineering
  The invention provides fibrin-based, biocompatible materials useful in promoting cell growth, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. These materials are provided as part of several cell and tissue scaffolding structures that provide particular application...
 Stanford University Epitaxial Growth of GaAs on Ge/porous Si Substrates
  It is very desirable to grow high quality, thin layer of Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) on Silicon (Si) for the application of high electron mobility transistors on Si. The invention enables monolithic integration of III-V materials and devices with conventional Si integrated circuit technology. This invention can extend data transmission rate to meet the International Technology Roadmap Semiconductor re...
 University of Southern California Fabrication of Broadband Graded Transducer Using Piezoelectric Partial Composites
  Partial composite is a new type of piezoelectric material which can be easily manufactured. By using partial composites to make ultrasound transducers, it is much easier to obtain broad bandwidth. Broadband transducers satisfy the requirement of improved spatial resolution and offers the advantages of allowing better harmonic imaging. At the same time, the partial composite can be widely used in s...
 University of California, Irvine Fabrication of C-PPy Microarrays for Li Microbattery
  University researchers have developed a completed battery structure with posts of C-MEMS (doped with Li) for anodes and dodecylbenzenesulfonate-doped poly(pyrrole) (PPYDBS) for cathodes. Researchers chose high molecular weight anion-doped PPY because of it's low specific weight, good chemical stability and good specific capacity, but most importantly because PPY can be electrochemically deposited ...
 University of California, Berkeley Fabrication of Controllably Positioned and Aligned Synthetic Nanotubes
  Nanotubes are ideal for a variety of applications because they possess a unique and desirable combination of physical and electrical properties. However, current fabrication processes produce nanotubes with bulk techniques in which it is extremely difficult, if not impossible, to control the physical and electrical properties of the nanostructures. The resulting nanotubes are consequently synthesi...
 University of California, Berkeley Fabrication of Controllably Positioned and Aligned Synthetic Nanotubes
  Nanotubes are ideal for a variety of applications because they possess a unique and desirable combination of physical and electrical properties. However, current fabrication processes produce nanotubes with bulk techniques in which it is extremely difficult, if not impossible, to control the physical and electrical properties of the nanostructures. The resulting nanotubes are consequently synthesi...
 University of California, Berkeley Fabrication of Controllably Positioned and Aligned Synthetic Nanotubes
  Nanotubes are ideal for a variety of applications because they possess a unique and desirable combination of physical and electrical properties. However, current fabrication processes produce nanotubes with bulk techniques in which it is extremely difficult, if not impossible, to control the physical and electrical properties of the nanostructures. The resulting nanotubes are consequently synthesi...
 University of California, Davis Fabrication of Electro-Magneto-Opto-Chem-Mechanical Systems Using Si, SiGe, SiGeC and Chemical Endpoint Detection
  A novel process for fabricating discrete and/or integrated electro-opto-chem-mechanical systems or components on silicon-based materials has been developed by researchers at the University of California, Davis. This method combines the chemical etch-stop properties of Si, SiGe, and SiGeC, with electromagnetic, optical, chemical, and mechanical features to create components for integrated circuits ...
 University of California, Davis Fabrication of Optical Components Using Si, SiGe, SiGeC, and Chemical Endpoint Detection
  A novel process for fabricating discrete and integrated optical components on silicon-based materials has been developed by researchers at the University of California, Davis. This method combines the epitaxial and selective etch properties of Si, SiGe, and SiGeC, with the optical capabilities of various media to create silicon based optical components.The ultra-thin silicon layers of today's inte...
 Stanford University Feeders for Primary Human Epithelial Cells
  Dr. Martha Terris and Dr. Ursula Ehmann developed a method for culturing normal and malignant human bladder cells for many generations. The method calls for the combination of certain materials and events to create proliferation of the bladder cells. The cells could potentially be grown for artificial bladders for human patients. Potentially the method could be applied to other types of human cell...
 University of California, Davis Fiber Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites
  The reinforcement of metals and alloys with other materials such as fibers or ceramic particulates has long been known and has strong utility in many industries that utilize structural metal components. The addition of inert materials was found in 1910 to improve the elevated temperature properties of metals and alloys. Since then, a large number of dispersion strengthened materials have been succ...
 University of California, Davis Flask For Drying Biological Materials
  Dried biological materials are becoming increasingly useful in agriculture, biotechnology and medicine:

Freeze Dried Human Blood products and VaccinesFreeze Dried Bacteria for AgricultureBiosensors requiring Long Term StorageA device is described here which permits drying (freeze-drying, air-drying, foam drying) under sterile conditions and which allows for processing under defined conditio...
 University of California, Davis FLUIDIC INTERCONNECTS FOR MODULAR ASSEMBLY OF CHEMICAL MICROSYSTEMS
  BACKGROUND: Traditional analytical instruments are large, expensive, and relegated tothe laboratory.Hence, there is increasing interest in replacing these instruments with small andinexpensive handheld units.Concomitant with this miniaturization is the need for miniaturefluidic interconnects.One of the challenges is bridging the scale from the micron scale ofmicrofabricated structures to the mill...
 California Institute of Technology Formation of amorphous materials
  Metastable amorphous or fine crystalline materials are formed by solid state reactions by diffusion of a metallic component into a solid compound or by diffusion of a gas into an intermetallic compound. The invention can be practiced on layers of metals de...
 University of California, Davis Fully Dense Nanostructured Metal Alloys and Metal Matrix Composites
  Researchers at the University of California, Davis have developed a way to synthesize bulk, fully dense nanostructured metal alloys and discontinuously reinforced aluminum metal matrix composites. These nanostructured materials have improved material properties, compared to their coarse-grained counterparts. Resulting Material Characteristics

Better corrosion resistance;Improved wear resist...
 University of California, Davis Functional Coatings
  Enhanced corrosion, wear, and oxidation characteristics may be obtained by using the functional coatings developed by researchers at University of California, Davis.In one particular application of this invention, thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) have an extended life.A TBC typically consists of a ceramic coating adjacent to a metallic coating, resulting in a mismatch in the coefficient of thermal ...
 University of California, Berkeley Functionalized Polymers That Improve Energy Efficiencies in Composite Electronic Devices
  Composite electronic devices, such as photovoltaics, have great commercial potential in energy harvesting and conversion applications. However the commercial viability of these devices has been limited by their low efficiencies (in combination with their relatively high costs).To address this situation, researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have synthesized conducting polymers that...
 University of California, Berkeley Functionalized Polymers That Improve Energy Efficiencies in Composite Electronic Devices
  Composite electronic devices, such as photovoltaics, have great commercial potential in energy harvesting and conversion applications. However the commercial viability of these devices has been limited by their low efficiencies (in combination with their relatively high costs).To address this situation, researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have synthesized conducting polymers that...
 University of California, Berkeley Functionalized Polymers That Improve Energy Efficiencies in Composite Electronic Devices
  Composite electronic devices, such as photovoltaics, have great commercial potential in energy harvesting and conversion applications. However the commercial viability of these devices has been limited by their low efficiencies (in combination with their relatively high costs).To address this situation, researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have synthesized conducting polymers that...
 University of California, Davis Functionally Graded Materials Production
  A novel technique for producing functionally graded materials (FGM) has been developed by researchers at the University of California, Davis. A monolithic material can be created with layers of materials which vary in composition. For example, a shaped body of material can have an initial layer of metal, a final top layer of ceramic, and a number of layers of ceramic-metal composite materials betw...
 Stanford University Harmonic Force Microscopy using Flexural Resonance
  Harmonic cantilevers provide new contrast mechanism for imaging and characterizing surfaces on the nanoscale. When a harmonic cantilever is used as a replacement for a regular cantilever in tapping-mode Atomic Force Microscopy, energy is efficiently transferred from the fundamental vibration mode to a specific higher order mode of the harmonic cantilever. The vibrations of the higher mode, which c...
 Stanford University Heat Infiltration of Conjugated Polymer Chains into Nanoporous Layers
  This infiltration technique allows conjugated polymer chains to be infiltrated into nanoporous materials rapidly and effectively. Following the infiltration process, a very high interfacial contact area is formed between the conjugated polymer semiconductor and the nanoporous material. The rapidity of the technique makes it very amenable to high volume manufacturing.Stage of Development:Several ty...
 University of California, Los Angeles Helicon Plasma Source with Permanent Magnets
  Several industries, such as the semiconductor and packaging industries, commonly uses plasma generators in equipment designed for fabricating circuits with demanding precision requirements. Helicon sources have many industrial uses because of their superior efficiency in generating dense plasmas. However, these sources require a DC magnetic field, which increases the cost and complexity compared ...
 University of California, Los Angeles Hexagonal Nanoporous Ge Thru Surfactant Driven Self Organization of Zintl Clusters
  Surfactant templating is a method that has been successfully employed to produce complex periodic inorganic structures for a wide range of oxide-based material. These porous oxides are being explored for a range of applications that center around molecular size selection or the production of new optical materials. However, there are challenges to the production of non-oxide based semiconducting f...
 University of California, Berkeley High Performance Heat Pipe
  A heat pipe is a device that conveys heat from a source to a sink, usually to facilitate thermal management of a device or system. The heat pipe concept dates back at least 50 years. Numerous designs with special features have been developed, including specific working fluid types, heat pipes with integrated thermal storage, heat pipes with special geometries, micro heat pipes, and designs integra...
 University of California, Berkeley High Performance Heat Pipe
  A heat pipe is a device that conveys heat from a source to a sink, usually to facilitate thermal management of a device or system. The heat pipe concept dates back at least 50 years. Numerous designs with special features have been developed, including specific working fluid types, heat pipes with integrated thermal storage, heat pipes with special geometries, micro heat pipes, and designs integra...
 University of California, Berkeley High Performance Heat Pipe
  A heat pipe is a device that conveys heat from a source to a sink, usually to facilitate thermal management of a device or system. The heat pipe concept dates back at least 50 years. Numerous designs with special features have been developed, including specific working fluid types, heat pipes with integrated thermal storage, heat pipes with special geometries, micro heat pipes, and designs integra...
 California Institute of Technology High performance P-type thermoelectric materials and methods of preparation
  The present invention is embodied in high performance p-type thermoelectric materials having enhanced thermoelectric properties and the methods of preparing such materials. In one aspect of the invention, p-type semiconductors of formula Zn.sub.4-x A.sub.x...
 California Institute of Technology High performance p-type thermoelectric materials and methods of preparation
  The present invention is embodied in high performance p-type thermoelectric materials having enhanced thermoelectric properties and the methods of preparing such materials. In one aspect of the invention, p-type semiconductors of formula Zn.sub.4-xA.sub.xS...
 California Institute of Technology High performance thermoelectric materials and methods of preparation
  Transition metals (T) of Group VIII (Co, Rh and Ir) have been prepared as semiconductor alloys with Sb having the general formula TSb.sub.3. The skutterudite-type crystal lattice structure of these semiconductor alloys and their enhanced thermoelectric pro...
 University of California, Los Angeles High Surface Area Carbon Coating on Micro/Nano Three-dimensional Structures
  Carbon has found many applications in electrosynthesis and energy conversion systems. Due to its electrical, mechanical, and chemical properties, carbon electrodes have been extensively used in batteries and electrochemical sensors. In most of the current applications, the carbon layer is confined in the two-dimensional manner, with limited exposed area. To improve the performance of these carbon...
 California Institute of Technology High throughput screening of crystallization materials
  High throughput screening of crystallization of a target material is accomplished by simultaneously introducing a solution of the target material into a plurality of chambers of a microfabricated fluidic device. The microfabricated fluidic device is then m...
 University of California, Los Angeles High-Performance Polymer Photovoltaic Device
  Plastic solar cells have advantages over silicon-based solar cells. Since they are moldable and lightweight, they can be installed in a variety of shapes and hence deployed more widely than silicon based solar panels. Polymer photovoltaic panels can be manufactured in a low-cost continuous polymer coating process, which is less expensive than silicon-based production. The issue with plastic sola...
 Stanford University High-Power Fiber Lasers
  In recent years high power fiber lasers have been manufactured with ever-increasing optical powers. An important objective in the design of many optical fiber lasers is to obtain amplification of only a single transverse mode of the fiber core. Currently available techniques to achieve this type of amplification involve severely limiting the size of the fiber core, which limits the achievable outp...
 University of California, Davis HIGH-YIELD PRODUCTION OF 3-KETOGLYCOSIDES
  3-Ketoglycosides (3KGs) have been used as precursors in the synthesis of a number of commercially-important products, such as food preservatives, food conditioners, photographic antioxidants, antibiotics, and rare and novel carbohydrates. 3KGs are obtained by a specific dehydrogenation reaction occuring at the C-3 position of any glucoside or galactoside.The resulting keto group confers two new pr...
 University of California, Berkeley Highly Active, Nickel Based Polymerization Initiators
  Use of transition metals as polymerization catalysts has led to many improvements in the industrial synthesis of polymeric materials. Current goals in polymer syntheses using metal initiators include increasing conversion rates and stereochemical control, as well as the polymerization of monomers containing polar function groups. While stereochemical control in the polymerization of various monome...
 University of California, Berkeley Hybrid Bit for Drilling Varied Materials
  There is a developing need for drill bits that are capable of drilling in any type of formation. For example, this drilling capability is needed in hazardous areas where human operators can't be present to identify the material being drilled and correspondingly use a drill bit that is optimized for the material. Existing bits that are designed for drilling in a variety of materials can penetrate f...
 University of California, Berkeley Hybrid Bit for Drilling Varied Materials
  There is a developing need for drill bits that are capable of drilling in any type of formation. For example, this drilling capability is needed in hazardous areas where human operators can't be present to identify the material being drilled and correspondingly use a drill bit that is optimized for the material. Existing bits that are designed for drilling in a variety of materials can penetrate f...
 University of California, Berkeley Hybrid Bit for Drilling Varied Materials
  There is a developing need for drill bits that are capable of drilling in any type of formation. For example, this drilling capability is needed in hazardous areas where human operators can't be present to identify the material being drilled and correspondingly use a drill bit that is optimized for the material. Existing bits that are designed for drilling in a variety of materials can penetrate f...
 University of California, San Francisco ILIOS: AN AWARD-WINNING MEDICAL SCHOOL CURRICULUM MANAGEMENTTOOL (SF05-022)
  Developers at University of California San Francisco (UCSF) havebuilt a new web-based curriculum management tool aimed at satisfyingmedical school accreditation requirements for the reporting of curriculardata with Association of American Medical College’s CurrMITdatabase. Curricular reporting is currently a time consuming andlaborious process, but Ilios’s simple user interface makesda...
 University of California, Los Angeles Immobilized Free Molecule Aerosol Reactor (IFMAR)
  The IFMAR technology involves a catalytic bed reactor that utilizes a novel support network structure to immobilize catalyst particles for use in a wide variety of automotive and industrial process applications including exhaust gas treatment, hepa filter technology, gas masks, fugitive gas leaks from valves and fittings, etc. The catalyst particles and support particles are formed together as a...
 University of California, Berkeley Improved Ballistic Shielding Fabric
  Using lightweight fabrics as shields to stop incoming projectiles such as missiles and bullets has many commercial and military applications. In these applications the strength, weight and costs of the shielding are important properties.In order to improve these shielding properties, researchers at the University of California at Berkeley have developed a new approach to designing ballistic shield...
 University of California, Berkeley Improved Beams Used to Construct Microstructures
  Microstructures that are light weight but have superior strength properties and can be fabricated quickly and inexpensively are ideal in MEMS applications, especially self-powered, mobile micro devices. While certain composite materials have strength and mass properties that would make them superior to common MEMS materials in the construction of microstructures, these composites have not been use...
 University of California, Berkeley Improved DRAM with Capacitorless Double-Gate
  The semiconductor industry has not solved the challenge of shrinking DRAM past the 1-4 gigabit generation without changes to cell design. Therefore developing a CMOS-compatible DRAM that can be scaled beyond the conventional 1T/1C DRAM cell would be a significant advancement.To address this opportunity, researchers at the University of California at Berkeley have developed a capacitorless, double-...
 University of California, Berkeley Improved DRAM with Capacitorless Double-Gate
  The semiconductor industry has not solved the challenge of shrinking DRAM past the 1-4 gigabit generation without changes to cell design. Therefore developing a CMOS-compatible DRAM that can be scaled beyond the conventional 1T/1C DRAM cell would be a significant advancement.To address this opportunity, researchers at the University of California at Berkeley have developed a capacitorless, double-...
 University of California, San Diego Improved Materials for Lightweight Armor
  Lightweight armor materials have been developed that are damage tolerant and capable of defeating rifle-fired, armor-piercing rounds of ammunition. These materials are ideal for use as aircraft, watercraft and vehicle armor and have applications in both mi...
 University of California, Berkeley Improved Process for Producing Nanoporous Membranes
  Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a method for the reliable and reproducible fabrication of porous membranes with pore size less than 50 nm.The process developed at Berkeley allows the incorporation of many different materials classes that could not be fabricated with previous thin film nanoporous membranes, as well as the use of structural materials other than s...
 University of California, Berkeley Improved Process for Producing Nanoporous Membranes
  Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a method for the reliable and reproducible fabrication of porous membranes with pore size less than 50 nm.The process developed at Berkeley allows the incorporation of many different materials classes that could not be fabricated with previous thin film nanoporous membranes, as well as the use of structural materials other than s...
 University of California, Berkeley Improved Process for Producing Nanoporous Membranes
  Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a method for the reliable and reproducible fabrication of porous membranes with pore size less than 50 nm.The process developed at Berkeley allows the incorporation of many different materials classes that could not be fabricated with previous thin film nanoporous membranes, as well as the use of structural materials other than s...
 University of California, Berkeley Improved Rapid Bonding of Silicon to Steel
  Most micro-sensors and integrated circuits are made using silicon, and most metallic structural materials and devices are made using steel. Accordingly, the capability to bond Si-based sensors and circuits to steel-based devices and structures could lead to many potential applications. However bonding these two materials without damaging either of them is difficult. Furthermore in order to make th...
 University of California, Berkeley Improved Rapid Bonding of Silicon to Steel
  Most micro-sensors and integrated circuits are made using silicon, and most metallic structural materials and devices are made using steel. Accordingly, the capability to bond Si-based sensors and circuits to steel-based devices and structures could lead to many potential applications. However bonding these two materials without damaging either of them is difficult. Furthermore in order to make th...
 University of California, Berkeley Improved Rapid Bonding of Silicon to Steel
  Most micro-sensors and integrated circuits are made using silicon, and most metallic structural materials and devices are made using steel. Accordingly, the capability to bond Si-based sensors and circuits to steel-based devices and structures could lead to many potential applications. However bonding these two materials without damaging either of them is difficult. Furthermore in order to make th...
 University of California, Davis IMPROVED TISSUE HOLDER FOR HISTOLOGICAL, IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL, AND IN SITU PROCEDURES
  The new syringe-style tissue holders are an inexpensive andconvenient device for use in histological, immunocytochemical, andin situ procedures using tissue pieces.Generally, the holderscurrently used consist of an open-ended plastic holder with a nylonor metal screen covering the bottom.These tissue holders have anumber of inherent problems.Tissue is placed into the holder viathe open end and t...
 Stanford University In vitro Protein Synthesis using ATP Regeneration System
  Cytotoxic, unstable and insoluble proteins are difficult to produce using standard in vivo techniques. Cell-free protein synthesis can overcome these challenges and is also useful for incorporating unnatural amino acids. However, previous in vitro methods have been inefficient due to short reaction time and expensive reagents. This invention describes novel techniques and materials that have been ...
 University of California, Irvine Interconnect Technology for Nanowires and Nanotubes
  University researchers have developed a method to provide wireless interconnects for nanodevices. More specifically, communication to and from a nanodevice is provided with a nanostructure-based antenna, preferably formed with a single-wall nanotube (SWNT). The use of a nanostructure-based antenna eliminates the need to provide a physical communicative connection to the nanodevice, while at the sa...
 University of California, Berkeley