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Stanford University
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A hybridization of the proxy approach with stochastic search for robust optimization
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This invention addresses the construction of a cheaper proxy that mimics the behavior of an actual evaluation tool to efficiently avoid suboptimal solutions. The approach exploits information to the greatest extent by reducing the number of function evaluations and making direct optimization possible for otherwise infeasible CPU extensive problems. ...
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University of California, Los Angeles
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A Method To Fabricate Polymer Solar Cells
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Organic solar cells have attracted significant research and commercial interest due to their low cost fabrication and flexibility. However, they suffer from relatively low conversion efficiency rates. This is due to the fact that the bottleneck of organic solar cells is the carrier transport from the (p-n) interface to the metal electrodes. BHJ provides a way to improve carrier transport across t...
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University of California, San Francisco
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A MULTIPLEXED IN VIVO ASSAY OF SMALL MOLECULE STRUCTURESPACE
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The set of smallorganic compounds that binds to a given target is frequently conceptualizedas a subset of “chemical space” or “structure space”.In this language, locating the subset of structure space that containsinhibitors for a given protein is one of the principle aims of drug development.Navigating structure space is complicated due to the fact that currentlythere is n...
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University of California, Irvine
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A New Forward Converter with Natural Magnetizing reset and Interleaved Parallel-connection Features
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University researchers have developed a new forward converter, which combines two basic forward converter cells in such a way that the magnetizing reset and interleaved connection are realized naturally. The proposed converter has following features: each MOSFET is clamped at (Vinmax); no additional magnetizing reset circuit is necessary, which makes the circuit simple; the leakage energy and the ...
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Stanford University
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A New Regime for Operating Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers
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This invention is a novel operation regime for capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (cMUTs). Its method allows the center of the membrane to be in constant contact with the substrate.Traditionally, cMUTs are operated at a bias voltage lower than the collapse voltage of their membrane. The method of this invention produces a higher electromechanical coupling efficiency than that of a cMU...
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Stanford University
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A Variable Diameter Circular X-ray Collimator
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Stereotactic radiosurgery is carried out using a set of collimators, each having a circular aperture with a fixed diameter. Conventional collimators must be changed manually to form beams of different diameters. This technology describes an automated collimation device that can provide single drive-controlled hexagonal aperture. A stack of two or more hexagonal spanners provide sufficient attenuat...
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University of California, Davis
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ACID BATTERY WITH REPLACEABLE ELECTRODES
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DESCRIPTION: A commercial 100 amp lead acid battery can deliverup to 12 hp power for short periods of time, which is sufficientfor use in conventional gasoline powered cars.When used in seriesto power an electric car, however, these batteries can provide onlyenough power for the car to go about 60 miles before needing torecharge for three to four hours.A researcher at the University of Californi...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Adjustable Resonance Generator Powered by Environmental Vibration
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As the microelectronics industry continues to reduce the size and power attributes of communication, sensor and mechanical electronics, there is an increasing need to power these devices over their life-span with an inexpensive, no-maintenance, renewable energy source that has compatible fabrication technology. One alternative, vibration energy scavenging is emerging as a viable power source for t...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Adjustable Resonance Generator Powered by Environmental Vibration
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As the microelectronics industry continues to reduce the size and power attributes of communication, sensor and mechanical electronics, there is an increasing need to power these devices over their life-span with an inexpensive, no-maintenance, renewable energy source that has compatible fabrication technology. One alternative, vibration energy scavenging is emerging as a viable power source for t...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Adjustable Resonance Generator Powered by Environmental Vibration
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As the microelectronics industry continues to reduce the size and power attributes of communication, sensor and mechanical electronics, there is an increasing need to power these devices over their life-span with an inexpensive, no-maintenance, renewable energy source that has compatible fabrication technology. One alternative, vibration energy scavenging is emerging as a viable power source for t...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Adjustable Resonance Generator Powered by Environmental Vibration
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As the microelectronics industry continues to reduce the size and power attributes of communication, sensor and mechanical electronics, there is an increasing need to power these devices over their life-span with an inexpensive, no-maintenance, renewable energy source that has compatible fabrication technology. One alternative, vibration energy scavenging is emerging as a viable power source for t...
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University of California, Irvine
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Advanced Materials Processing
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University researchers have developed a method called In Situ Variable Equal Channel Angular Pressing (VECAP) - a system and method for producing ultra-fine grain and nanocrystalline materials with a desired gradient in microstructure. Conventional ECAP has involved the use of an extrusion die with a fixed angle that is typically in the range of 140 to 90 degrees. The present invention involves a ...
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Stanford University
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An Atom Interferometer Based on the Mechanical Effects for Light on Matter
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Based on this invention timed excitation of individual quantum objects induced by electromagnetic energies in the forms of stimulated Raman Transitions result in a controlled change in the momentum of these objects that can be used to control momentum and thus the velocity of individual quantum objects.Specifically, the excitation of an atom by light results in the absorption or emission of the ra...
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Stanford University
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An Economical Cell-free Protein Synthesis Method Using Nucleoside Monophosphates and Glucose
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Researchers at Stanford have discovered a method to synthesize chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) protein in a cell-free reaction at a lowered cost using glucose as the energy source and nucleotide monophosphates (NMPs) instead of nucleotide triphosphates (NTPs). While the overall productivity of this reaction is slightly less than current methods, the product yield on a cost basis is almost...
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University of California, Irvine
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Applications of Photonic Crystals with Degenerate Spectral Band Edge
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University researchers have developed a photonic crystal with specially designed geometry and composition capable of slowing down electromagnetic pulses, thereby enhancing the physical characteristics of non-linear and other active electromagnetic materials, as well as enhancing and reducing sizes of various electromagnetic devices....
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Jet Propulsion Laboratory
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Array of micro-machined mass energy micro-filters for charged particles
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An energy filter for charged particles includes a stack of micro-machined wafers including plural apertures passing through the stack of wafers, focusing electrodes bounding charged particle paths through the apertures, an entrance orifice to each of the p...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Braking Light System for a Vehicle
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Apparent motion is created in an object to stimulate rapid M cell response in an observer's visual system. In one embodiment of this invention made at University of California, Berkeley, a vehicle is equipped with at least left and right pairs of brake lights spaced apart about 1 to 60 minutes of visual angle at the viewing distance. Vehicle braking activates the innermost of each pair of lights f...
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California Institute of Technology
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CCD imaging sensors
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A method for promoting quantum efficiency (QE) of a CCD imaging sensor for UV, far UV and low energy x-ray wavelengths by overthinning the back side beyond the interface between the substrate and the photosensitive semiconductor material, and flooding the ...
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Stanford University
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Chemoselective Modification of Surfaces via 1,2,3 Triazole Formation
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Fabrication of devices such as DNA sensors and fuel cell electrodes requires control of surface chemistry. Researchers in the laboratories of Chris Chidsey and James Collman at Stanford University have developed methods for the robust attachment of chemical species to surfaces by extremely selective and rapid reactions.After forming surface monomolecular layers of azides, this technique utilizes "...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Clean Energy Technology Economics and Emissions Model
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Intensive research efforts in the field of clean energy technologies, such as fuel cells, are primarily focused on solving technical issues to commercialization. As these technology challenges are resolved, analytical tools will be needed to understand the economic viability and environmental impact of using these emerging energy technologies in different applications.To address the need for these...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Clean Energy Technology Economics and Emissions Model
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Intensive research efforts in the field of clean energy technologies, such as fuel cells, are primarily focused on solving technical issues to commercialization. As these technology challenges are resolved, analytical tools will be needed to understand the economic viability and environmental impact of using these emerging energy technologies in different applications.To address the need for these...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Closed-Gas Power Cycle for Liquid Metal and Molten Salt-Cooled Reactors
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Research at the University of California, Berkeley has led to the development of an innovative approach that addresses the material issues which have traditionally prevented the use of closed gas power cycles with liquid metal and molten salt coolants. Design calculations that apply these innovations have shown that cycle thermal efficiencies comparable to current helium-cooled reactor designs (&g...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Closed-Gas Power Cycle for Liquid Metal and Molten Salt-Cooled Reactors
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Research at the University of California, Berkeley has led to the development of an innovative approach that addresses the material issues which have traditionally prevented the use of closed gas power cycles with liquid metal and molten salt coolants. Design calculations that apply these innovations have shown that cycle thermal efficiencies comparable to current helium-cooled reactor designs (&g...
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Stanford University
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CMOS Power Amplifier with Reduced Harmonics and Improved Efficiency
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Efficiency enhancement over a wide range of power is essential for today's wireless applications because mobile terminals do not usually transmit at maximum output power. High energy efficiency would result in longer battery-life and reduce the requirements for heat dissipation. As CMOS technology advances, it is becoming an attractive alternative for use in power amplifiers, based on its small fe...
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University of California, Davis
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Compact Proton Radiotherapy System
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Opportunity:A compact proton radiotherapy system that fits in a typical radiation oncology clinic and costs 1/10th of current proton therapy facilities (~$15M vs. $150M).Background:Proton radiotherapy has been used to treat tumors since the 1950’s. Protons minimize damage to surrounding tissue better than conventional radiation treatment using electrons or photons. Furthermore, ...
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University of Southern California
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Composite Foam Made from Polymer Microspheres Reinforced by Long Fibers
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A new technological process was developed for the synthesis of fiber-reinforced foam to overcome the limitation of the use of long fibers in low-density reinforced foams. This approach does not have viscous flow and fiber arrangement limitations that are the inherent peculiarities of existing fiber-reinforced foam technology.This novel process for making foam is based on thermoplastic expandable h...
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University of Southern California
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Contactless MEMS RF Switch
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This MEMS RF switch operates without any metal-to-metal or metal-to-dielectric contact, and offers the following performance specifications:Power isolation ratio of over 100.Capacitance ratio greater than 10.Voltage isolation ratio between ON/OFF of 11.Energy required to switch between ON and OFF is less than 10 nJ.Switching speed expected to be less than 10 msec under a critically damped conditio...
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California Institute of Technology
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Coupling system to a microsphere cavity
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A system of coupling optical energy in a waveguide mode, into a resonator that operates in a whispering gallery mode. A first part of the operation uses a fiber in its waveguide mode to couple information into a resonator e.g. a microsphere. The fiber is c...
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California Institute of Technology
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Coupling system to a microsphere cavity
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A system of coupling optical energy in a waveguide mode, into a resonator that operates in a whispering gallery mode. A first part of the operation uses a fiber in its waveguide mode to couple information into a resonator e.g. a microsphere. The fiber is c...
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California Institute of Technology
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Coupling system to a microsphere cavity
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A system of coupling optical energy in a waveguide mode, into a resonator that operates in a whispering gallery mode. A first part of the operation uses a fiber in its waveguide mode to couple information into a resonator e.g. a microsphere. The fiber is c...
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University of California, Los Angeles
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Crystallographically Oriented Particle Composites
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Particulate-based composite materials have heretofore been infused with particulates of random orientation. That is, the particulate does not form an organized pattern or structure. Lord and Sandlund (US patent 5,792,284) have produced particulate-based magnetorestrictive composites, wherein the particulates are aligned according to the magnetic field during processing. However, the particulates...
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California Institute of Technology
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Delta-doped CCD's as low-energy particle detectors and imagers
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The back surface of a thinned charged-coupled device (CCD) is treated to eliminate the backside potential well that appears in a conventional thinned CCD during backside illumination. The backside of the CCD includes a delta layer of high-concentration dop...
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California Institute of Technology
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Delta-doped hybrid advanced detector for low energy particle detection
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A delta-doped hybrid advanced detector (HAD) is provided which combines at least four types of technologies to create a detector for energetic particles ranging in energy from hundreds of electron volts (eV) to beyond several million eV. The detector is se...
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California Institute of Technology
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Delta-doped hybrid advanced detector for low energy particle detection
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A delta-doped hybrid advanced detector (HAD) is provided which combines at least four types of technologies to create a detector for energetic particles ranging in energy from hundreds of electron volts (eV) to beyond several million eV. The detector is se...
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Stanford University
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Diode Laser Pumped Co-Doped Laser
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A miniature solid state near room temperature laser includes a laser crystal doped with a laser ion and an absorber ion. The absorber ion absorbs pumping radiation derived from the output of a laser diode and transfers the absorbed energy to the laser ion for inverting the population of the desired energy transition levels to produce an eyesafe output beam with wavelengths greater than 1.4 microns...
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Stanford University
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Distance and Location Determination for Multiple Tagged Items using RFID
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Stanford researchers have developed novel methods to be used in RFID devices for: Measuring received signal strength in energy transmission between an RFID reader device and any number of RFID tagsMeasuring the distance between the RFID reader and the tagsDetermining the location of RFID tagsIncreasing the range of signal communication for distance measurement between the RFID reader and the RFID ...
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University of California, Berkeley
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DNA Complexes with Dyes Designed for Energy Transfer as Fluorescent Reagents
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Heteromultimeric fluorophores are provided for binding to DNA, which allow for detection of DNA in electrical separations and preparation of probes having high fluorescent molecules, one can use a single narrow wavelength band excitation light source, while obtaining fluorescent emissions having sufficient separation to be readily discriminated....
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Jet Propulsion Laboratory
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Dual polarized, heat spreading rectenna
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An aperture coupled patch splits energy from two different polarization components to different locations to spread heat. In addition, there is no physical electrical connection between the slot, patch and circuitry. The circuitry is located under a ground...
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Jet Propulsion Laboratory
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Durable low surface-energy surfaces
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A formulation for forming a low surface-energy surface on a substrate having (i) a fluoroalkyl silane having a low surface energy part, (ii) a liquid crystal silane operable for enhancing the orientation of the molecules of the fluoroalkyl silane and for c...
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University of Southern California
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Dynamic Backlight Scaling for Power Minimization in a Backlit TFT-LCD
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USC's dynamic backlight scaling (DBS) technology is a set of techniques that reduce energy consumption of backlit liquid crystal displays (LCDs). The methods use pixel transformation and are designed to minimize image distortion. They can implement any piecewise linear grayscale spreading (transmittance) function by suitably adjusting the brightness and contrast of the displayed image. The approac...
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University of California, Los Angeles
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Efficient Cache Miss Detection Techniques for High Performance Processors
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Memory caches are useful devices for improving the read/write times to and from main memory of a computer processor. However the size of caches are limited since access times increase with cache size and aggressive processors perform multiple accesses to the caches in a single cycle. Therefore designers cannot build arbitrarily large caches. This leads to multilevel caches. If processor trends an...
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Stanford University
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Electron Bombardment Source for Multiple Applications
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This invention describes a high-brightness semiconductor electron source capable of extremely fast switching speeds with laser illumination. The source of emission electrons is obtained through electron bombardment of a wide bandgap semiconductor target. The semiconductor source is equipped with an arrangement for producing and directing a beam of seed electrons at the target and a mechanism for c...
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California Institute of Technology
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Energy-frequency-time heart sound analysis
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A method for determining the operability status of heart valves IN VIVO. Accoustical data emanating from a heart valve to be analyzed is gathered. The data are divided into time slices, and the power, energy, and frequency relations for each time slice are...
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University of California, Berkeley
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ENGINEERING OF LIVING CELLS FOR THE EXPRESSION OF HOLO-PHYCOBILIPROTEIN-BASED CONSTRUCTS
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Purified native phycobiliproteins and their subunits fluoresce strongly and, since 1982, have been widely used as labels for cell sorting and analysis, and in a wide range of other fluorescence based assays. This invention embodies the use of phycobiliproteins and phycobiliprotein fusions as in vivo fluorescent protein probes....
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California Institute of Technology
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Enhanced adhesion by high energy bombardment
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Films (12) of gold, copper, silicon nitride, or other materials are firmly bonded to insulator substrates (12) such as silica, a ferrite, or Teflon (polytetrafluorethylene) by irradiating the interface with high energy ions. Apparently, track forming proce...
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Stanford University
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Enhanced In Vitro Synthesis
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Cytotoxic, unstable and insoluble proteins are difficult to produce using standard in vivo techniques. Cell-free protein synthesis can overcome these challenges and is also useful for incorporating unnatural amino acids. However, previous in vitro methods have been inefficient due to short reaction time and expensive reagents. This invention describes novel techniques and materials that have been ...
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University of California, Irvine
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Environmentally-Sensitive Reconfigurable Antenna
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University researchers have developed an antenna system that changes the nature of its transmission and reception of electromagnetic radiation based on local environmental conditions. It may use this feature to transmit local environmental information by wireless means without the need for power.The sensor system described in this invention requires no power, but may be interrogated remotely by wi...
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Stanford University
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Exosite-based Rational Design of Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype A Inhibitors
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Background: Botox is used not only for cosmetic purposes, but to treat tremors and vision disorders as well. However, botulinum neurotoxin, which makes up Botox, poses a significant human and animal health threat as it is one of the most poisonous substances known.Technology: Using X-ray crystallography, Stanford University researchers have determined the structure of botulinum neurotoxin serotype...
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Stanford University
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Film Growth at Low Pressure
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Stanford scientists have created a technique that allows growth of complex film material with high quality (low lattice strain, large grain size, high degree of perfection) at high rates and large area, and high efficiency use of material. This has been demonstrated for the generation of high temperature super conducting (HTSC) YBCO film. The brittleness, porosity, weak-links and misalignment betw...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-Based Direct Sensor of RanGTP
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Scientists at the University of California Berkeley have designed FRET-based sensor of Ran-GTP that is a fluorescent protein construct consisting of Ran binding domain flanked by fluorescent proteins (donor and acceptor) capable of FRET.The sensor functions as:1) a direct sensor of Ran-GTP, and2) an indirect sensor of Ran-GTP-binding proteins such as importin-b family proteins.See:P. Kalab, Weis, ...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-Based Sensor of RanGTP-importin B interaction
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Scientists at the University of California Berkeley have designed FRET sensor of a complex of Ran-GTP-importin b that is a fluorescent protein construct consisting of Importin b-domain (IBB) of importin a flanked by fluorescent proteins (donor and acceptor) capable of FRET. The sensor functions as an indirect sensor of Ran-GTP through its Ran-GTP sensitive specific interaction with importin b.See:...
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Stanford University
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Fluorescently-tagged ribosomes to monitor conformational changes and ligand binding during translation.
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Despite the ribosome's biological and therapeutic importance, it remains very cumbersome to monitor ribosome activity. The current invention allows more facile investigation of ribosome activity by fluorescence spectroscopy. The modified ribosomes are prepared using specific steps to yield fluorescently tagged ribosomes.The labeling reagent could be incorporated into cell growth media and are rapi...
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Stanford University
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Fluorophores for Biological Imaging
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Studying the activity of a single molecule within a biological system allows us to understand complex biological processes from a distance. Researchers at Stanford and Kent State have discovered a new, broad class of molecules that can be used to fluorescently label molecules of interest in vitro and in vivo. These fluorophores, consisting of an amine donor and a dicyanodihydrofuran (DCDHF), allow...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Functionalized Polymers That Improve Energy Efficiencies in Composite Electronic Devices
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Composite electronic devices, such as photovoltaics, have great commercial potential in energy harvesting and conversion applications. However the commercial viability of these devices has been limited by their low efficiencies (in combination with their relatively high costs).To address this situation, researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have synthesized conducting polymers that...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Functionalized Polymers That Improve Energy Efficiencies in Composite Electronic Devices
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Composite electronic devices, such as photovoltaics, have great commercial potential in energy harvesting and conversion applications. However the commercial viability of these devices has been limited by their low efficiencies (in combination with their relatively high costs).To address this situation, researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have synthesized conducting polymers that...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Functionalized Polymers That Improve Energy Efficiencies in Composite Electronic Devices
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Composite electronic devices, such as photovoltaics, have great commercial potential in energy harvesting and conversion applications. However the commercial viability of these devices has been limited by their low efficiencies (in combination with their relatively high costs).To address this situation, researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have synthesized conducting polymers that...
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University of California, Berkeley
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GENES REGULATED IN RESPONSE TO LIGHT
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Light is a critical environmental factor for plants. It provides not only the energy for plant growth but also key informational signals that plants use to adapt and optimize growth morphology, fruiting, and formation of storage organs. The invention provides a method to identify nucleotide sequences regulated in response to light. The invention also provides a variety of expression vectors useful...
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University of California, Berkeley
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GENES REGULATED IN RESPONSE TO LIGHT
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Light is a critical environmental factor for plants. It provides not only the energy for plant growth but also key informational signals that plants use to adapt and optimize growth morphology, fruiting, and formation of storage organs. The invention provides a method to identify nucleotide sequences regulated in response to light. The invention also provides a variety of expression vectors useful...
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University of California, Berkeley
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GENES REGULATED IN RESPONSE TO LIGHT
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Light is a critical environmental factor for plants. It provides not only the energy for plant growth but also key informational signals that plants use to adapt and optimize growth morphology, fruiting, and formation of storage organs. The invention provides a method to identify nucleotide sequences regulated in response to light. The invention also provides a variety of expression vectors useful...
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Jet Propulsion Laboratory
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Gridded electron reversal ionizer
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A gridded electron reversal ionizer forms a three dimensional cloud of zero or near-zero energy electrons in a cavity within a filament structure surrounding a central electrode having holes through which the sample gas, at reduced pressure, enters an elon...
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Stanford University
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Harmonic Force Microscopy using Flexural Resonance
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Harmonic cantilevers provide new contrast mechanism for imaging and characterizing surfaces on the nanoscale. When a harmonic cantilever is used as a replacement for a regular cantilever in tapping-mode Atomic Force Microscopy, energy is efficiently transferred from the fundamental vibration mode to a specific higher order mode of the harmonic cantilever. The vibrations of the higher mode, which c...
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Stanford University
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Heat Infiltration of Conjugated Polymer Chains into Nanoporous Layers
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This infiltration technique allows conjugated polymer chains to be infiltrated into nanoporous materials rapidly and effectively. Following the infiltration process, a very high interfacial contact area is formed between the conjugated polymer semiconductor and the nanoporous material. The rapidity of the technique makes it very amenable to high volume manufacturing.Stage of Development:Several ty...
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California Institute of Technology
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High cycle life secondary lithium battery
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A secondary battery (10) of high energy density and long cycle is achieved by coating the separator (18) with a film (21) of cationic polymer such as polyvinyl-imidazoline. The binder of the positive electrode (14) such as an ethylene-propylene elastomer b...
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California Institute of Technology
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High energy polymers formed by ring opening metathesis polymerization
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A precursor route to the synthesis of polyacetylene and other conductive polymers is provided by the formation of high energy polymers by ring opening metathesis polymerization. In particular, the high energy polymers having the following general formula a...
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University of California, Davis
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High Power Density Supercapacitors
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Researchers at the University of California, Davis have developed high power density supercapacitors with significantly small equivalent series resistance (ESR). These devices have achieved a maximum specific power density of 30kW/kg and exhibited rectangular cyclic voltammograms even at a high scan rate of 1000 mV/s. The latest results show incredible frequency response: a knee frequency of about...
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University of California, Los Angeles
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High Surface Area Carbon Coating on Micro/Nano Three-dimensional Structures
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Carbon has found many applications in electrosynthesis and energy conversion systems. Due to its electrical, mechanical, and chemical properties, carbon electrodes have been extensively used in batteries and electrochemical sensors. In most of the current applications, the carbon layer is confined in the two-dimensional manner, with limited exposed area. To improve the performance of these carbon...
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University of California, Los Angeles
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High-Performance Polymer Photovoltaic Device
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Plastic solar cells have advantages over silicon-based solar cells. Since they are moldable and lightweight, they can be installed in a variety of shapes and hence deployed more widely than silicon based solar panels. Polymer photovoltaic panels can be manufactured in a low-cost continuous polymer coating process, which is less expensive than silicon-based production. The issue with plastic sola...
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University of California, Los Angeles
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Hydrogen Production by a Novel Thermochemical Water Splitting Cycle
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Currently, hydrogen production is mainly based on steam reforming of methane gas or gasification of coal. These hydrogen production processes require methane, or other fossil fuels, as feedstock, create unwanted carbon dioxide as a process by-product, and require the use of capital and energy intensive separation unit operations to purify the hydrogen from undesirable by-products, such as carbon ...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Improved Rapid Bonding of Silicon to Steel
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Most micro-sensors and integrated circuits are made using silicon, and most metallic structural materials and devices are made using steel. Accordingly, the capability to bond Si-based sensors and circuits to steel-based devices and structures could lead to many potential applications. However bonding these two materials without damaging either of them is difficult. Furthermore in order to make th...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Improved Rapid Bonding of Silicon to Steel
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Most micro-sensors and integrated circuits are made using silicon, and most metallic structural materials and devices are made using steel. Accordingly, the capability to bond Si-based sensors and circuits to steel-based devices and structures could lead to many potential applications. However bonding these two materials without damaging either of them is difficult. Furthermore in order to make th...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Improved Rapid Bonding of Silicon to Steel
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Most micro-sensors and integrated circuits are made using silicon, and most metallic structural materials and devices are made using steel. Accordingly, the capability to bond Si-based sensors and circuits to steel-based devices and structures could lead to many potential applications. However bonding these two materials without damaging either of them is difficult. Furthermore in order to make th...
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University of California, Davis
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IMPROVED TAXANE PRODUCTION
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BACKGROUND:Taxanes, a family of naturally-occurring compounds found in conifers, have acquired great importance as a source of pharmaceuticals.The best known member of the family, paclitaxel (sold under the trademark "Taxol"), has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as an anti-cancer compound, and is widely used in chemotherapy.Other taxanes are also being considered for...
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University of California, Davis
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IMPROVED TAXANE PRODUCTION
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BACKGROUND:Taxanes, a family of naturally-occurring compounds found in conifers, have acquired great importance as a source of pharmaceuticals.The best known member of the family, paclitaxel (sold under the trademark "Taxol"), has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as an anti-cancer compound, and is widely used in chemotherapy.Other taxanes are also being considered for...
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University of California, Irvine
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In Situ Microthermometry For Biological Systems
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Researchers at the University of California have developed a microparticle biosensor that converts thermal energy into light in a very temperature-sensitive manner for use in an optical microthermometry system. It is the first non-invasive optical system for measuring temperature in situ and for mapping temperature in living organisms. The UC microthermometry system has a spatial resolution on the...
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Stanford University
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In vitro Protein Synthesis using ATP Regeneration System
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Cytotoxic, unstable and insoluble proteins are difficult to produce using standard in vivo techniques. Cell-free protein synthesis can overcome these challenges and is also useful for incorporating unnatural amino acids. However, previous in vitro methods have been inefficient due to short reaction time and expensive reagents. This invention describes novel techniques and materials that have been ...
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Stanford University
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Increasing Cell-Free Protein Yields by Selective Nucleotide Feeding
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Researchers at Stanford have found a way to increase in-vitro protein synthesis production rates and lengthen the reaction duration through a novel substrate degradation pathway they discovered. This is significant for existing in-vitro (cell-free) protein synthesis systems that have been shown to be more attractive and convenient compared to conventional in-vivo technologies but have been unable ...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Internal Electrostatic Transduction Resonators
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Multiple resonators with different frequencies are essential in the design of micromechanical filters, oscillators and mixers. Lateral-mode resonators with a variety of resonant frequencies can be fabricated in the same lithography step using surface micromachining technology. However, these lateral-mode resonators have inefficient air-gap capacitive transducers that cause high motional impedance....
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University of California, Berkeley
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Internal Electrostatic Transduction Resonators
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Multiple resonators with different frequencies are essential in the design of micromechanical filters, oscillators and mixers. Lateral-mode resonators with a variety of resonant frequencies can be fabricated in the same lithography step using surface micromachining technology. However, these lateral-mode resonators have inefficient air-gap capacitive transducers that cause high motional impedance....
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University of California, Berkeley
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Internal Electrostatic Transduction Resonators
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Multiple resonators with different frequencies are essential in the design of micromechanical filters, oscillators and mixers. Lateral-mode resonators with a variety of resonant frequencies can be fabricated in the same lithography step using surface micromachining technology. However, these lateral-mode resonators have inefficient air-gap capacitive transducers that cause high motional impedance....
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Stanford University
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Key Distribution System for Highly Secured Communication
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This invention presents improved systems and methods for the entanglement-based quantum key distribution (QKD). The study shows that QKD based on energy-time entanglement can be implemented without parametric down-conversion or other sources of maximally entangled photon pairs. The method comprises the use of a regulated single photon source to sequentially generate a first photon and a second pho...
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California Institute of Technology
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Light-sensing array with wedge-like reflective optical concentrators
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Wedge-shaped optical reflectors are used to reflect optical energy. Certain optical energy is incoming toward an area of the chip that is housing the non-photosensitive electronics. Wedges are used to reflect that radiation toward the photosensitive electr...
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California Institute of Technology
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Locally connected neural network with improved feature vector
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A pattern recognizer which uses neuromorphs with a fixed amount of energy that is distributed among the elements. The distribution of the energy is used to form a histogram which is used as a feature vector....
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Stanford University
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Location Aided Wireless System
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The main challenge in cellular networks is increasing their capacity and coverage. In emerging wireless networks, the mobile will be located to within a few meters. Such location information can be used for improving network capacity and coverage.All wireless receivers require a channel estimate to demodulate the signal. Due to temporal variations, limited training, and additive noise, the channel...
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Stanford University
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Long-Wavelength Fluorescent Proteins
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Researchers at the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute have isolated and cloned two long-wavelength fluorescent proteins from the club-tipped anemone, Corynactis californica. These proteins are homologous to known fluorescent proteins, but their unique properties, including yellow or red color of emission, can find use in replacing and supplementing known fluorescent proteins. In addition, b...
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University of California, Los Angeles
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Low Temperature Deposition of Smooth, Nonfaceted, Optically Transparent Diamond Films
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A well developed process is available for depositing diamond films by the evaporation of carbon in a hydrogen and argon plasma to generate gas phase precursors that condense on various substrates to produce high quality diamond films. Various plasma excitation geometries have been investigated as an extension of this process. By a suitable adjustment of the plasma parameters, such as electron de...
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California Institute of Technology
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Luminescent solar energy concentrator devices
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Increased light output is achieved from a solar energy concentrator light piping device by rendering the top surface of the device concave, and/or forming the device into a close-packing hexagonal shape and/or curving and applying a mirror coating to the o...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Maintenance and Operations Recommender (MORE)
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Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a design for a maintenance and operations recommender. The recommender uses information from computerized maintenance management systems (CMMS) and energy management and control systems (EMCS) to recommend what maintenance personnel should do in response to a maintenance service request or other event requiring a maintenance or c...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Maintenance and Operations Recommender (MORE)
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Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a design for a maintenance and operations recommender. The recommender uses information from computerized maintenance management systems (CMMS) and energy management and control systems (EMCS) to recommend what maintenance personnel should do in response to a maintenance service request or other event requiring a maintenance or c...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Maintenance and Operations Recommender (MORE)
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Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a design for a maintenance and operations recommender. The recommender uses information from computerized maintenance management systems (CMMS) and energy management and control systems (EMCS) to recommend what maintenance personnel should do in response to a maintenance service request or other event requiring a maintenance or c...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Maintenance and Operations Recommender (MORE)
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Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a design for a maintenance and operations recommender. The recommender uses information from computerized maintenance management systems (CMMS) and energy management and control systems (EMCS) to recommend what maintenance personnel should do in response to a maintenance service request or other event requiring a maintenance or c...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Maintenance and Operations Recommender (MORE)
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Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a design for a maintenance and operations recommender. The recommender uses information from computerized maintenance management systems (CMMS) and energy management and control systems (EMCS) to recommend what maintenance personnel should do in response to a maintenance service request or other event requiring a maintenance or c...
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University of Southern California
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Mechanical Battery
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This device converts mechanical energy into electrical energy without the use of torsion springs or gears found in conventional clockwork machines. A few turns of the device's input crank are expected provide more than 5 minutes of cell phone talk-time. When designed for use with portable electronics, its volume is less than 200 cm3. The design can be easily configured for electric vehicles or oth...
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Stanford University
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Medical CAD: Image Segmentation & Smoothing Utilizing a Distance-Based Internal Energy Algorithm
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The disclosed invention represents a generic data processing tool suitable for a range of (image) segmentation applications.The technique provides a stable internal energy calculation algorithm based on distance, which can be applied to 2D, 3D and higher order dimensions. The model can be used together with many deformable model segmentation systems, eg level set, snake etc, and may be used to rep...
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California Institute of Technology
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Medical tomograph system using ultrasonic transmission
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Ultrasonic energy transmission in rectilinear array scanning patterns of soft tissue provides projection density values of the tissue which are recorded as a function of scanning position and angular relationship, .theta., of the subject with a fixed coord...
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University of California, Los Angeles
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Medium Formula for Inducing Neural Stem Cells into Oligodendrocytes (OL)
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Oligodendrocytes are cells that produce and maintain myelin, the membrane that coats axons as an electric insulator to allow the proper electric impulse conduction. Dysfunctions of oligodendrocytes lead to myelin loss with consequent clinical implications such as multiple sclerosis. Thus, cultures of OL are an excellent tool to study the biochemical, cellular and molecular mechanisms of gene reg...
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University of California, Berkeley
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MEMS Microbial Fuel Cells Powered by Glucose
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The application of MEMS technology to implantable biomedical devices has great potential to decrease the size and costs of these implantable systems. However lithium batteries -- the common power source for these medical devices -- are not well-suited to MEMS-based systems as the batteries are relatively expensive and bulky.To achieve the full potential of MEMS-based implantable biomedical devices...
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University of California, Berkeley
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MEMS Microbial Fuel Cells Powered by Glucose
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The application of MEMS technology to implantable biomedical devices has great potential to decrease the size and costs of these implantable systems. However lithium batteries -- the common power source for these medical devices -- are not well-suited to MEMS-based systems as the batteries are relatively expensive and bulky.To achieve the full potential of MEMS-based implantable biomedical devices...
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University of California, Berkeley
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MEMS Microbial Fuel Cells Powered by Glucose
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The application of MEMS technology to implantable biomedical devices has great potential to decrease the size and costs of these implantable systems. However lithium batteries -- the common power source for these medical devices -- are not well-suited to MEMS-based systems as the batteries are relatively expensive and bulky.To achieve the full potential of MEMS-based implantable biomedical devices...
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University of California, Berkeley
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MEMS Microbial Fuel Cells Powered by Glucose
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The application of MEMS technology to implantable biomedical devices has great potential to decrease the size and costs of these implantable systems. However lithium batteries -- the common power source for these medical devices -- are not well-suited to MEMS-based systems as the batteries are relatively expensive and bulky.To achieve the full potential of MEMS-based implantable biomedical devices...
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California Institute of Technology
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Method and apparatus for optical acoustic molding
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Acoustic energy is used to control the shape of a particle or particle cluster for the purpose of inducing a phase and hence density change as a result of exposure to radiation. This process, known as optical acoustic molding, employs an acoustic transduce...
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University of California, Irvine
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Method and Apparatus for Tissue Reshaping by Radio Frequency Heating
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University of California researchers have developed a low cost alternative to laser reshaping. The invention is a method and apparatus for reshaping cartilage via radiofrequency (RF) energy. In the present technology, cartilage is heated by RF energy via electrodes in contact with the cartilage (inserted within or on the surface). The cartilage is heated until the stress relaxation temperature is ...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Method for Upgrading Metallurgical Coke or Other Carbonaceous Materials
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Coke fed to the iron blast furnace serves three purposes, as a fuel, as a reducing agent, and as a structural material supporting the deep bed of coke/iron oxides/limestone that makes up much of the furnace volume. It is in this last role that coke properties are crucial. It is important that the coke not degrade (e.g., break up into small particles) during its descent through the oxidizing hot ga...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Method of Fabricating a Self-Aligned, High Speed MOSFET Device
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As advances in the miniaturization of MOSFETs continue into sub-micron dimensions, the non-ideal behavior caused by the short channel effect is becoming increasingly problematic.To alleviate the short channel effect, researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a new method to fabricate high-speed MOSFET devices. This new method includes both a punchthrough stopper in the c...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Method of Fabricating a Self-Aligned, High Speed MOSFET Device
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As advances in the miniaturization of MOSFETs continue into sub-micron dimensions, the non-ideal behavior caused by the short channel effect is becoming increasingly problematic.To alleviate the short channel effect, researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a new method to fabricate high-speed MOSFET devices. This new method includes both a punchthrough stopper in the c...
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University of California, San Francisco
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METHODFOR NUCLEIC ACID STRUCTURE-BASED VIRTUAL DRUG DISCOVERY
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Rationaldrug design has been used to design diagnostic and therapeutic agentswhich bind to protein receptors, whose structure is known through X-raycrystallography and/or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies. However,little effort has been made to design drugs on the basis of the sequence-dependentthree-dimensional (3-D) structure of the DNA or RNA in a gene. Thiscould be due to the limited te...
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University of California, Irvine
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Methods for Assessing the Condition of Bone In-Vivo Using Non-Ionizing Radiation
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University of California researchers have developed an optical method to characterize bone tissue viability. The optical properties of bone are strongly influenced by composition, structure and physiology. Disease alters these bone characteristics, and thus bone optical properties are parameters that gauge bone disease progression. The method involves 1) the use of non-ionizing radiation including...
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University of California, Irvine
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Methods for Assessing the Temperature of Deep Tissue in vivo Using Non-ionizing Radiation
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Researchers at the University of California, Irvine have invented a novel method to measure deep tissue temperatures non-invasively. It uses a non-invasive method for quantifying absorption and scattering values of tissue over a broad wavelength range (600 to 2500 nm). Using this method to give an absolute measure of the tissue absorption, it is possible to determine the concentrations of chromoph...
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University of California, Davis
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Methods for Creating Zeolites from Nano-Composites Using Non-Thermal Calcination
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A novel method for producing micro-porous zeolites through non-thermal calcination has been discovered by researchers at the University of California, Davis. Zeolites are porous, inorganic solids that have the ability to interact with atoms, ions and molecules in a variety of chemical and electronic applications. They are currently utilized in catalytic reactions, fluid separation, adsorption of i...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Methods for Increased Channel Capacity Beyond CDMA
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CDMA (Code-Division Multiple Access) was introduced in 1989 as an attractive method to increase the capacity per Hz of spectrum over TDMA (Time-Domain Multiple Access). Increased capacity per communication channel results in a greater number of users able to share the same bandwidth. This in turn enables communications service providers to handle more subscribers with the same bandwidth.Researcher...
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University of California, Irvine
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Methods for Making 2D Nanoscale PN Junctions and Junction Arrays
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University researchers have developed methods to create a 2-D nanoscale structure with desirable controllability and design flexibility in the boron (and other dopant) distribution before thermal diffusion or ion implantation, resulting in the formation of nanostructured PN junction arrays. In addition, a novel processing method for a 2-D mask with periodic or quasi-periodic spacing between the bo...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Micro Generator Powered by Environmental Vibration
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Ubiquitous networks of wireless sensor and communication nodes have the potential to significantly impact society and correspondingly create large market opportunities. However, to achieve the full potential of these networks, practical solutions for self-powering these autonomous electronic devices need to be developed. Several power-generating alternatives that scavenge energy from the ambient e...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Micro Generator Powered by Environmental Vibration
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Ubiquitous networks of wireless sensor and communication nodes have the potential to significantly impact society and correspondingly create large market opportunities. However, to achieve the full potential of these networks, practical solutions for self-powering these autonomous electronic devices need to be developed. Several power-generating alternatives that scavenge energy from the ambient e...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Micro Generator Powered by Environmental Vibration
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Ubiquitous networks of wireless sensor and communication nodes have the potential to significantly impact society and correspondingly create large market opportunities. However, to achieve the full potential of these networks, practical solutions for self-powering these autonomous electronic devices need to be developed. Several power-generating alternatives that scavenge energy from the ambient e...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Micro Generator Powered by Environmental Vibration
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Ubiquitous networks of wireless sensor and communication nodes have the potential to significantly impact society and correspondingly create large market opportunities. However, to achieve the full potential of these networks, practical solutions for self-powering these autonomous electronic devices need to be developed. Several power-generating alternatives that scavenge energy from the ambient e...
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University of California, Los Angeles
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Micro-electro-mechanical (MEMS) Filters for Radio Frequency (RF) Signal Processing
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Micro-mechanical resonators have been demonstrated using IC-compatible, poly-silicon surface-micromachining technology. These resonators are high quality and offer frequencies in the kHz-150MHz range. Unfortunately, micro-mechanical resonators cannot operate in the GHz range, which is necessary for deployment in cellular systems. A general approach to increasing the central frequencies of resonat...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Microelectromechanical Powerline Monitoring System
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Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a self-excited microelectromechanical device that operates as a voltage-to-frequency converter that can be used as a low-power sensor to monitor power signals on a power line. The device includes a resonating structure, such as a cantilever, which responds to a physical phenomenon by generating an induced variable frequency volta...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Microelectromechanical Powerline Monitoring System
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Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a self-excited microelectromechanical device that operates as a voltage-to-frequency converter that can be used as a low-power sensor to monitor power signals on a power line. The device includes a resonating structure, such as a cantilever, which responds to a physical phenomenon by generating an induced variable frequency volta...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Microelectromechanical Powerline Monitoring System
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Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a self-excited microelectromechanical device that operates as a voltage-to-frequency converter that can be used as a low-power sensor to monitor power signals on a power line. The device includes a resonating structure, such as a cantilever, which responds to a physical phenomenon by generating an induced variable frequency volta...
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University of California, Los Angeles
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Micropumping of Liquids by Directional Growth and Selective Venting of Bubbles
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Micropumps are a critical element of microfluidics. Pumps are required to move small quantities of liquid in a controlled, energy efficient manner. Three categories of micropumps are known. These are mechanical micropumps, electrohydrodynamic micropumps and valveless bubble driven micropumps. Of the 3, the valveless bubble micropump is preferred, to date. The mechanical pump is complex, since it ...
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Stanford University
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Mimicking the cellular environment with in vitro synthesis
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Cell-free protein synthesis offers a convenient method for expressing active recombinant DNA proteins in a controlled environment. It is recognized for its ability to incorporate unnatural and isotope-labeled amino acids as well as its capability to produce proteins that are unstable, insoluble, or cytotoxic in vivo. In addition, in vitro translation is beginning to play a role in revolutionizing ...
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University of California, Irvine
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Miniature Liquid-Fueled Combustion Chamber
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This invention allows direct injection of conventional liquid fuels (e.g., kerosene or alcohol) into a combustor that is only a few centimeters in length and less than a centimeter in transverse dimension with nearly 100% energy conversion. Operation at elevated pressures is possible. The concept works with continuous or intermittent combustion. The design allows for one gram per second or less of...
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California Institute of Technology
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Monolithic transistor gate energy recovery system
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Energy is recovered from an insulated gate semiconductor switch, such as a MOSFET, that is otherwise lost in the gate capacitance by producing a notch in the gate control voltage for an interval B following an interval A after initial application of a gate...
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University of California, Los Angeles
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Multi-ten Gbps Throughput Advanced Encryption Standard Processor
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Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is the most recent secret-key encryption standard which is accepted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and is used in different security applications. High throughput data encryption is essential in the networking applications that require secure data transmission at over 20 Gbps throughput rate, e.g. optical networks. For example, in ...
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Stanford University
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Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Device
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A field effect device is produced by subjecting a multiwall carbon nanotube to a gating electric field. The applied field modulates the energy gap of the nanotube and thereby changes the electrical conductivity and radiation absorption characteristics of the nanotube. This modulation mechanism has been investigated by tight binding and density functional theory simulations. ...
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University of California, Davis
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Nanoparticle Enhanced X-ray Therapy (NEXT)
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Researchers at the University of California, Davis have invented, and demonstrated the working principle of, a new radiation therapeutic method, which uses gold nanoparticles as x-ray radiation sensitizers. For instance, when tested with an x-ray tube operated at 100keV on a 5,000 base-pair supercoiled DNA decorated with 100 gold nanoparticles, the equivalent radiation dosage delivered to the nano...
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University of California, Los Angeles
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Neuro-Endovascular Ultrasound Thrombolysis
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Stroke is the most common life-threatening neurologic disease and is the leading cause of death in the United States, after heart disease and cancer. Among the current U.S. population, some 11 million people have or will have brain aneurysms, which constitute the main cause of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke is defined as the acute brain injury resulting from compromised cerebral b...
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University of California, Berkeley
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New Class of Piezoelectric Bending Actuators with Ultra-High Energy Density
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Piezoelectric bending actuators have the potential to be used as the muscles in a variety of autonomous, micro-mechanical robotics devices under development. While commercially available bending actuators have the requisite high levels of mechanical energy for these miniature robotics applications, the mass of these existing actuators are too high -- by orders of magnitude.To address this problem,...
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University of California, Berkeley
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New Class of Piezoelectric Bending Actuators with Ultra-High Energy Density
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Piezoelectric bending actuators have the potential to be used as the muscles in a variety of autonomous, micro-mechanical robotics devices under development. While commercially available bending actuators have the requisite high levels of mechanical energy for these miniature robotics applications, the mass of these existing actuators are too high -- by orders of magnitude.To address this problem,...
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University of California, Berkeley
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New Class of Piezoelectric Bending Actuators with Ultra-High Energy Density
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Piezoelectric bending actuators have the potential to be used as the muscles in a variety of autonomous, micro-mechanical robotics devices under development. While commercially available bending actuators have the requisite high levels of mechanical energy for these miniature robotics applications, the mass of these existing actuators are too high -- by orders of magnitude.To address this problem,...
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University of California, Berkeley
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New Class of Piezoelectric Bending Actuators with Ultra-High Energy Density
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Piezoelectric bending actuators have the potential to be used as the muscles in a variety of autonomous, micro-mechanical robotics devices under development. While commercially available bending actuators have the requisite high levels of mechanical energy for these miniature robotics applications, the mass of these existing actuators are too high -- by orders of magnitude.To address this problem,...
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University of California, Berkeley
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New Class of Piezoelectric Bending Actuators with Ultra-High Energy Density
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Piezoelectric bending actuators have the potential to be used as the muscles in a variety of autonomous, micro-mechanical robotics devices under development. While commercially available bending actuators have the requisite high levels of mechanical energy for these miniature robotics applications, the mass of these existing actuators are too high -- by orders of magnitude.To address this problem,...
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Stanford University
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New Fluorescent Deoxyribosides and their Incorporation into Combinatorial Fluorophore Arrays
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This invention consists of combinatorial arrays of fluorophores (CFAs) built on a repeating oligomeric (e.g.,DNA) backbone. With the DNA backbone, the invention starts with a number of synthesized new fluorescent monomer molecules in which the fluorescent part replaces a DNA base (termed "fluorosides"). By assembling oligomers in various combinations, hundreds or thousands of different fluorescent...
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University of California, Davis
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NITROGEN OXIDES-FREE MICROWAVE PLASMA SYSTEM FOR IMPROVED AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
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Control of toxic air contaminants from industrial processesand hazardous waste site remediation activities poses a significanttechnological challenge.At contaminant concentrations of partsper million or lower, the cost per unit mass of air treated byconventional methods increases dramatically.Use of adsorbents isapplicable under low concentration conditions, but requiresregeneration or disposal....
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University of California, Berkeley
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Novel Dimeric Fluorescent Energy Transfer Dyes Comprising Dicarbocyanine Azole-Insolenine Chromophores
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Novel fluorescent heterodimeric DNA-staining energy transfer dyes are provided combining asymmetric cyanine azole-indolenine dyes, which provide for strong DNA affinity, large Stokes shifts and emission in the red region of the spectrum. The dyes find particular application in gel electorphoresis and for labels which may be bound to a variety of compositions in a variety of contexts. Kits and indi...
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Stanford University
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One-piece Rotor Shaft for Miniature Gas Turbine
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The need for a portable, miniature power source is increasing with the development of unmanned aerial vehicles, autonomous robots and other scaled-down mobile sensory, surveillance devices. Stanford researchers have developed a novel miniature gas-turbine which is ideal for the above applications due to its small size and lightweight.This invention is a new, useful and reliable miniature gas turbi...
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University of California, Davis
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ONE-STEP SYNTHESIS OF HIGHLY DENSE MATERIALS
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One of the current methods for synthesizing high-temperaturematerials is combustion synthesis, where reactant powders are mixedand pressed to form a compact which is then ignited to initiate acombustion reaction.While this method has the advantage of energysavings and better quality products as compared to rival methods,the resulting product has a relatively high porosity andconsequently must be...
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University of California, Los Angeles
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Organic Solar Cells Based On Triplet Materials
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Organic electronic devices are gaining greater commercial interest as solar cells. Power conversion efficiencies are dependent on 3 factors: light absorption, exciton dissociation and charge collection. To gain high power conversion efficiency, organic layers should be thick enough to ensure high light absorption. Current organic layers used in photovoltaic (PV) devices are too thin to provide hi...
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Stanford University
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PEAK: Electrosurgical System
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The invention describes efficient electro-surgical probes for pulses plasma-mediated cutting, fragmentation, and evaporation of biological tissue in fluid media. The device contains an electrode that can cut tissue uniformly along an extensive cutting zone, rather than just with its apex. The blade is electrically conductive and a source of pulsed electrical energy is coupled to the blade. The nov...
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Stanford University
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PEM Fuel Cell Assembly
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The purpose of this invention is to improve the viability of fuel cell devices in miniature scale, while simultaneously taking advantage of surface-to-volume scaling relationships to enhance performance. One example manifestation would include a polymer electrolyte material molded with integral flow channels and coated with a suitable catalyst, to distribute the necessary reactants for the electro...
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Stanford University
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Peptide and RNA Affinity-based Fluorophores
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This invention enables sensitive detection of virtually any drug target using structures comprised of short peptides or RNA molecules that interact with fluorophore dyes. These designed structures, "fluorettes" or "ribofluorettes" respectively, have fluorescent characteristics (excitation or emission) that make them detectable by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). The intensity of fluo...
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University of California, Irvine
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Photonic Slab with Axially Frozen Mode
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University researchers have invented a photonic slab design that can be used to enhance the capability and performance of microwave, millimeter wave, and submillimeter wave antennas, delay lines, nonlinear and nonreciprocal elements. It can also be used in integrated microwave circuitry....
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California Institute of Technology
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Photosensor with enhanced quantum efficiency
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A method to significantly increase the quantum efficiency (QE) of a CCD (or similar photosensor) applied in the UV, far UV and low energy x-ray regions of the spectrum. The increase in QE is accomplished by overthinning the backside of a CCD substrate beyo...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Photosynthetic Hydrogen Production Using Algae
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Hydrogen gas is considered to be the ideal fuel for combating environmental degradation. However, the biggest obstacle to hydrogen replacing petroleum as the world's primary source of energy is the high cost of cleanly producing this gas. The most cost-effective current method for producing H2 is to use nuclear energy -- but that has environmental issues. Likewise, using solar power is not cost-ef...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Photosynthetic Hydrogen Production Using Algae
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Hydrogen gas is considered to be the ideal fuel for combating environmental degradation. However, the biggest obstacle to hydrogen replacing petroleum as the world's primary source of energy is the high cost of cleanly producing this gas. The most cost-effective current method for producing H2 is to use nuclear energy -- but that has environmental issues. Likewise, using solar power is not cost-ef...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Photosynthetic Hydrogen Production Using Algae
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Hydrogen gas is considered to be the ideal fuel for combating environmental degradation. However, the biggest obstacle to hydrogen replacing petroleum as the world's primary source of energy is the high cost of cleanly producing this gas. The most cost-effective current method for producing H2 is to use nuclear energy -- but that has environmental issues. Likewise, using solar power is not cost-ef...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Photosynthetic Hydrogen Production Using Algae
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Hydrogen gas is considered to be the ideal fuel for combating environmental degradation. However, the biggest obstacle to hydrogen replacing petroleum as the world's primary source of energy is the high cost of cleanly producing this gas. The most cost-effective current method for producing H2 is to use nuclear energy -- but that has environmental issues. Likewise, using solar power is not cost-ef...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Photosynthetic Hydrogen Production Using Algae
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Hydrogen gas is considered to be the ideal fuel for combating environmental degradation. However, the biggest obstacle to hydrogen replacing petroleum as the world's primary source of energy is the high cost of cleanly producing this gas. The most cost-effective current method for producing H2 is to use nuclear energy -- but that has environmental issues. Likewise, using solar power is not cost-ef...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Photosynthetic Hydrogen Production Using Algae
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Hydrogen gas is considered to be the ideal fuel for combating environmental degradation. However, the biggest obstacle to hydrogen replacing petroleum as the world's primary source of energy is the high cost of cleanly producing this gas. The most cost-effective current method for producing H2 is to use nuclear energy -- but that has environmental issues. Likewise, using solar power is not cost-ef...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Piezoelectric Generator with Improved Fatigue Attributes for Vibration Energy Scavenging
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The growing interest in small wireless electronic devices, particularly sensors, has created a need for low-cost, no-maintenance approaches to powering these devices. Using piezoelectric material to indefinitely generate power from environmental vibration can currently generate up to 300 microwatts per cubic centimeter -- making it a plausible method for cost-effectively powering these low-power d...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Piezoelectric Generator with Improved Fatigue Attributes for Vibration Energy Scavenging
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The growing interest in small wireless electronic devices, particularly sensors, has created a need for low-cost, no-maintenance approaches to powering these devices. Using piezoelectric material to indefinitely generate power from environmental vibration can currently generate up to 300 microwatts per cubic centimeter -- making it a plausible method for cost-effectively powering these low-power d...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Piezoelectric Generator with Improved Fatigue Attributes for Vibration Energy Scavenging
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The growing interest in small wireless electronic devices, particularly sensors, has created a need for low-cost, no-maintenance approaches to powering these devices. Using piezoelectric material to indefinitely generate power from environmental vibration can currently generate up to 300 microwatts per cubic centimeter -- making it a plausible method for cost-effectively powering these low-power d...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Piezoelectric Generator with Improved Fatigue Attributes for Vibration Energy Scavenging
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The growing interest in small wireless electronic devices, particularly sensors, has created a need for low-cost, no-maintenance approaches to powering these devices. Using piezoelectric material to indefinitely generate power from environmental vibration can currently generate up to 300 microwatts per cubic centimeter -- making it a plausible method for cost-effectively powering these low-power d...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Piezoelectric Generator with Improved Frequency Attributes for Vibration Energy Scavenging
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The growing interest in small wireless electronic devices, particularly sensors, has created a need for low-cost, no-maintenance approaches to powering these devices. Using piezoelectric material to indefinitely generate power from environmental vibration can currently generate up to 300 microwatts per cubic centimeter -- making it a plausible method for cost-effectively powering these low-power d...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Piezoelectric Generator with Improved Frequency Attributes for Vibration Energy Scavenging
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The growing interest in small wireless electronic devices, particularly sensors, has created a need for low-cost, no-maintenance approaches to powering these devices. Using piezoelectric material to indefinitely generate power from environmental vibration can currently generate up to 300 microwatts per cubic centimeter -- making it a plausible method for cost-effectively powering these low-power d...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Piezoelectric Generator with Improved Frequency Attributes for Vibration Energy Scavenging
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The growing interest in small wireless electronic devices, particularly sensors, has created a need for low-cost, no-maintenance approaches to powering these devices. Using piezoelectric material to indefinitely generate power from environmental vibration can currently generate up to 300 microwatts per cubic centimeter -- making it a plausible method for cost-effectively powering these low-power d...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Piezoelectric Generator with Improved Frequency Attributes for Vibration Energy Scavenging
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The growing interest in small wireless electronic devices, particularly sensors, has created a need for low-cost, no-maintenance approaches to powering these devices. Using piezoelectric material to indefinitely generate power from environmental vibration can currently generate up to 300 microwatts per cubic centimeter -- making it a plausible method for cost-effectively powering these low-power d...
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University of California, Irvine
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Polymeric Valves for Controlled Drug Delivery
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Researchers at the University of California have developed a micro- release technology with the aforementioned features. The method relies on micro reservoirs covered with polymer based valves which serve as the gates to these reservoirs. The valve is a layered structure made in the shape of a flap anchored on one side of the reservoir opening. The substrate which consists of one or more reservoir...
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University of California, Davis
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Porphyrin-Based Neutron Capture Agents for Cancer Therapy
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A new synthetic method producing porphyrin-based neutron capture agents for use in cancer therapy has been developed by University of California, Davis researchers. Through a unique linkage involving the porphyrin ring, these new compounds afford increased selectivity for tumor cells and improved in vitro and in vivo stability over existing drugs. Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is an emergin...
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Stanford University
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Prediction of Protein Side-chain Conformation by Packing Optimization
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This invention is a method for predicting the three-dimensional conformation of a peptide. It utilizes the understanding that amino acid sidechains of a peptide adopt conformations that maximize favorable atom-atom contacts and minimize unfavorable contacts. It determines the energy of the atom-atom interactions and adjusts the amino acid side chain conformations to minimize this energy. ...
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University of California, Davis
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Preservation of Resists for Nanofabrication in Liquid Media
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University of California, Davis researchers have developed a novel process to preserve alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers (resists) for use in micro- and nano-fabrication. The process overcomes stability problems of resists due to two common degradation processes: (1) direct desorption and (2) oxidation and then desorption. Specifically, the novel process inhibits these degradation pathways.Thi...
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University of Southern California
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Process for Converting Methane Directly to Acetic Acid
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This is a direct, selective conversion of methane to acetic acid, catalyzed by palladium. Both carbons of acetic acid are derived directly from two methane molecules in a single reaction system at 180° C. The invention provides advantages over conventional methods, which use a three-step, capital- and energy-intensive process.This technology is one part of a USC research program focused on con...
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University of Southern California
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Production of Alkenes
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Ethane and chlorine are premixed in a 1:1 mole ratio and allowed to react adiabatically producing in excess of 90% conversion of ethane to C2H4, some vinyl chloride and HCl. No Cl2 is left. The process is exothermic....
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California Institute of Technology
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Rectenna for high-voltage applications
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An energy transfer system is disclosed. The system includes patch elements, shielding layers, and energy rectifying circuits. The patch elements receive and couple radio frequency energy. The shielding layer includes at least one opening that allows radio ...
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Stanford University
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Retinal Prosthesis based on photomechanical deflectors and tactile sensory cells
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The leading cause of blindness in developed countries is Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). Professor Daniel Palanker at Stanford University has described a therapy that involves the transplantation of light-sensitive MEMS (photomechanical deflector array) into the retina. When this array is illuminated with light, segments of the membrane undergo electrostatic deflection. Touch-sensitive cel...
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Stanford University
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Scintillation and Semiconductor Crystal Detection Arrays for Radiation Imaging Devices
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This invention is a novel position sensitive high-energy photon sensor technologies for high resolution Positron Emission Tomography (PET). PET provides in-vivo, functional/molecular imaging information of biological processes for a given radio-labeled compound introduced into the body of a live subject. The radio-labeled compound emits photons that are detected by a configuration of many position...
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University of California, Davis
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SELF-WEEDING TRANSGENIC PLANTS
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Weeds are the most universal agricultural pest, and their control is critical to the successof any agricultural system.Weed control is usually achieved by a combination of methods,involving mechanical or hydrological disturbance of the soil prior to sowing, physical removalof undesired plants, and application of chemical herbicides.All these methods are expensivein terms of human labor, energy in...
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University of California, Davis
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Spin Polarized Switching Devices made of Half-Metals
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UC Davis researchers have developed a new switching device made of half-metals* that possess spin polarization of 100% at the Fermi energy. These switching devices are modifications of heavily doped p-n junctions where a half-metal is sandwiched between the p- and the n-region of a p-n junction. The spin degree of freedom possessed by the half-metals adds another control of the current in the func...
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Stanford University
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Superconductor Room Temperature Bonding Process
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Drs. Jason Gwo and John Mester from Stanford have discovered a superconductor bonding technology that promotes electronic superconductance. This "Super-C-Bond" is a room-temperature process that creates superconductivity-retaining joints for both low-Tc superconductors (LTS) and high-Tc superconductors (HTS) The resultant bond is extremely thin but cryogenically robust even for near-zero-Kelvin ap...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Thin Film Micro Generator Powered by Environmental Vibration
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As the microelectronics industry continues to reduce the size and power attributes of communication, sensor and mechanical electronics, the need is increasing to power these devices over their life-span with an inexpensive, no-maintenance, renewable energy source that has compatible fabrication technology. One alternative, vibration energy scavenging has been proven to be a viable power source for...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Thin Film Micro Generator Powered by Environmental Vibration
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As the microelectronics industry continues to reduce the size and power attributes of communication, sensor and mechanical electronics, the need is increasing to power these devices over their life-span with an inexpensive, no-maintenance, renewable energy source that has compatible fabrication technology. One alternative, vibration energy scavenging has been proven to be a viable power source for...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Thin Film Micro Generator Powered by Environmental Vibration
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As the microelectronics industry continues to reduce the size and power attributes of communication, sensor and mechanical electronics, the need is increasing to power these devices over their life-span with an inexpensive, no-maintenance, renewable energy source that has compatible fabrication technology. One alternative, vibration energy scavenging has been proven to be a viable power source for...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Thin Film Micro Generator Powered by Environmental Vibration
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As the microelectronics industry continues to reduce the size and power attributes of communication, sensor and mechanical electronics, the need is increasing to power these devices over their life-span with an inexpensive, no-maintenance, renewable energy source that has compatible fabrication technology. One alternative, vibration energy scavenging has been proven to be a viable power source for...
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University of California, Irvine
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Three-Phase Boost Type Grid-Connected Inverters
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University researchers have developed a new one-cycle controlled (OCC) three-phase boost type, grid-connected inverter. This inverter can also be controlled by the conventional Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) control method.With the OCC method, the circuit shows the advantages of simple circuitry, good stability and fast dynamic response. Experiments have been done with a 1.5kW laboratory prototype t...
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University of Southern California
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Transient Pressure Driven Micromechanical Devices
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These devices use an energy pulse in a gas-filled microvolume to produce a transient pressure wave which moves a flexible diaphragm. For devices around 100 micrometers, the power to weight ratio and forces produced are several orders of magnitude greater than can be produced by comparably sized electrostatic devices. For devices around 1 micrometer, reaction time is about 1 nanosecond for a 1 pico...
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Stanford University
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Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) Sample Preparation
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It is no secret that sample preparation is the hardest part of Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The Induced-Curvature Method replaces the time-consuming task of dimpling with a combination of inducing curvature in the sample and chemical etching. This method is suitable for samples with multiple thin films on a metal substrate, especially when there is a visible color distinction between fi...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Triad and Iliad
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Triad and Iliad are companion databases for Caveat softwareTRIAD, short for TRIcyclics for Automated Design is a database of more than 411,000 energy-minimized molecular structures representing a comprehensive collection of tricyclic hydrocarbons. Since TRIAD is a comprehensive collection of tricyclic ring systems, it includes a very broad range of possible molecular configurations.TRIAD contains ...
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University of California, Berkeley
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Triad and Iliad
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Triad and Iliad are companion databases for Caveat softwareTRIAD, short for TRIcyclics for Automated Design is a database of more than 411,000 energy-minimized molecular structures representing a comprehensive collection of tricyclic hydrocarbons. Since TRIAD is a comprehensive collection of tricyclic ring systems, it includes a very broad range of possible molecular configurations.TRIAD contains ...
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California Institute of Technology
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Tunnel effect measuring systems and particle detectors
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Methods and apparatus for measuring gravitational and inertial forces, magnetic fields, or wave or radiant energy acting on an object or fluid in space provide an electric tunneling current through a gap between an electrode and that object or fluid in spa...
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California Institute of Technology
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Tunnel effect measuring systems and particle detectors
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Methods and apparatus for measuring gravitational and inertial forces, magnetic fields, or wave or radiant energy acting on an object or fluid in space provide an electric tunneling current through a gap between an electrode and that object or fluid in spa...
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California Institute of Technology
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Tunnel effect measuring systems and particle detectors
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Methods and apparatus for measuring gravitational and inertial forces, magnetic fields, or wave or radiant energy acting on an object or fluid in space provide an electric tunneling current through a gap between an electrode and that object or fluid in spa...
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California Institute of Technology
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Tunnel effect wave energy detection
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Methods and apparatus for measuring gravitational and inertial forces, magnetic fields, or wave or radiant energy acting on an object or fluid in space provide an electric tunneling current through a gap between an electrode and that object or fluid in spa...
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Stanford University
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Ultracapacitor technologies
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This is a portfolio of ultracapacitor inventions. See below for the issued U.S. patent numbers.Abstracts of each of the issued patents are following. Copies of the patents are available upon request, or visit http://patft.uspto.gov/netahtml/srchnum.htm and enter the patent number you would like view.A. Sealing an Ultracapacitor - A multilayer cell is provided that comprises two solid, nonporous cu...
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California Institute of Technology
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Using a delta-doped CCD to determine the energy of a low-energy particle
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The back surface of a thinned charged-coupled device (CCD) is treated to eliminate the backside potential well that appears in a conventional thinned CCD during backside illumination. The backside of the CCD includes a delta layer of high-concentration dop...
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University of California, Davis
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Wastewater Treatment System
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A new and efficient wastewater treatment system for animal feeding, and other wastewater operations has been developed by University of California, Davis researchers working in cooperation with an outside collaborator. The novel technology includes the following features:
Energy-efficient, integrated system.Combination of anaerobic digestion, aerobic treatment and filtration.Economic reclam...
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