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Stanford University
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3-D Multi-Layer Microstructure Fabrication of Materials
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Having the capability of controlled three-dimensional interconnected spatial distribution of micron-sized features with high aspect ratios is increasingly important in building tissue scaffolds for cells and realizing controlled release mechanisms of drug delivery systems or micro-fluidic devices.Researchers at Stanford have developed a process for fabrication of three-dimensional interconnected c...
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Stanford University
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3D Bronchial Morphology Analysis Package
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This integrated software package enables a user to perform registration, 3D localization and visualization and automated measurement and archiving of the bronchial morphology in serial volumetric CT scans.The software package consists of a Windows compatible front-end optimized to perform the bronchial analysis tasks in a multi-processor environment. It is integrated with a database to store patie...
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Stanford University
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3MATRIX for 3D Visualization of Drug Targets
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The 3MOTIF and 3MATRIX Suites of software enable visualization and 3-dimensional manipulation of discrete sequence motifs found in protein structures. The software enables drug target analysis by exposing characteristics of these conserved regions, such as solvent accessible surface area. The software uses a color scheme to convey a motif's physical properties in a way that can be easily interpret...
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Stanford University
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3MOTIF for 3D Visualization of Drug Targets
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The 3MOTIF and 3MATRIX Suites of software enable visualization and 3-dimensional manipulation of discrete sequence motifs found in protein structures. The software enables drug target analysis by exposing characteristics of these conserved regions, such as solvent accessible surface area. The software uses a color scheme to convey a motif's physical properties in a way that can be easily interpret...
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Stanford University
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96-Meshwell Plates for high throughput processing of small tissue samples
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Today, the need for efficient high-throughput procedures includes the processing of small tissue samples or multicellular organisms. This invention dramatically improves speed, throughput, reliability, consistency, and ease of small-volume (up to 500 ul) tissue/organism assays, including in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry paradigms. Generally, it can be used in any assay when simultane...
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Stanford University
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A Bipolar Magnet Configuration
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Biplanar, symmetrical electromagnets for providing a homogeneous magnetic field. The magnets have coils disposed in two parallel planes. The coils in the two planes are identical. The radii and Ampere-turns of the coils are selected so that a magnetic field between the planes is homogeneous. One preferred embodiment has 6 coils, with 3 coils in each plane. Other embodiments have 8, 10, 12, or more...
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Stanford University
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A closed loop glucose control system with automatic meal prediction
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The device will use a combination of feed-forward and feedback control algorithms to determine the required rate of insulin infusion for a patient. The feedback loop will have a desired glucose level set for midway in the normal physiological range and will use a glucose sensor to determine the difference in these levels. This will send a signal to the infusion pump to change the delivery rate to ...
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Stanford University
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A Functional Biomarker for Human Regulatory T Cells
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Regulatory T cells are central effectors of immune tolerance. CD4+ T cells with regulatory properties are generally divided into natural and adaptive subtypes. Despite the unique role of regulatory T cells, it has been difficult to isolate and distinguish them from other T cells due to the lack of unique and functional biomarkers.Using transcriptional profiling, researchers from Stanford and UCSF ...
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Stanford University
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A hybridization of the proxy approach with stochastic search for robust optimization
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This invention addresses the construction of a cheaper proxy that mimics the behavior of an actual evaluation tool to efficiently avoid suboptimal solutions. The approach exploits information to the greatest extent by reducing the number of function evaluations and making direct optimization possible for otherwise infeasible CPU extensive problems. ...
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Stanford University
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A Live Cell Fluorescent Mitosis Biosensor
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Professor Tobias Meyer, Joshua Jones, and Angie Hahn at Stanford have developed the first live cell biosensor-based fluorescent imaging strategy to quantitatively analyze the timing of the cell cycle phases, M, G1, S, and G2. The cell cycle is a tightly regulated cellular process and failure at critical checkpoints within often results in genetic instability and eventually, cancer. In high content...
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Stanford University
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A Method and Apparatus for Performing Adaptive or Tunable Multi-Spectral Imaging
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This invention introduces a method and system to detect a predefined object-of-interest irrespective of illumination by compensating for the unwanted effects of the ambient light. This novel method provides an adaptive imager, which reports only the required data versus existing methods that provide highly redundant information, rely on post-processing for detection of the object-of-interest and t...
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Stanford University
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A method for editing mesh structures at sub-element accuracy: Brain Imaging
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This invention enables interactive editing of 3D surfaces, both smooth and irregular. It allows users to easily define sub-surfaces of a structure's surface. The user can then select, cut and manipulate sub-surfaces, or can project the extent of sub-surfaces onto 2D views of the structure, independent of the structure's representation. A software tool in JAVA has been developed and deployed in bre...
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Stanford University
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A Method for Heteroepitaxial Growth of Germanium on Silicon
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This invention is a novel multi-step growth and anneal process to grow heteroepitaxial-germanium directly on silicon, with low surface roughness and defects confined near the Si/Ge interface, thus not threading to the surface as expected in this lattice mismatched system. The results achieved are defect-free fully-relaxed smooth single crystal Ge layers on Si without a graded buffer layer or any C...
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Stanford University
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A Method for larger Field of View in CT
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The present invention provides improved CT systems and methods that enjoy substantially increased FOV. The diameter of the in-plane FOV of CT systems according to the present invention can be larger than the in-plane extent of the detector (or source) array. Stanford scientists have created a method that provides CT systems with increased FOV without the expense and complication of larger detector...
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Stanford University
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A method to induce synapse formation in neural stem cells
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Dr. Karl Deisseroth and Dr. Robert Malenka have discovered a manipulation that specifically promotes neurogenesis from differentiating neural stem/progenitor cells. This invention consists of a method for inducing neural stem cells to form neurons with normal functional properties including the formation of functional synaptic connections, thereby allowing stem cells to become functional in intact...
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Stanford University
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A Modified Hyperactive Transposon Vector for Gene Therapy [Sleeping Beauty]
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Dr. Mark Kay and his colleague at Stanford have generated several mutant hyperactive Sleeping Beauty transposases that significantly improve the frequency at which nucleic acid sequences contained within a Sleeping Beauty transposon stably integrate into the host cell genome. These improvements are observed in cultured mammalian cells and in vivo in adult mice, and indicate that transposase perfor...
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Stanford University
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A Monoclonal Antibody Recognizing Human V beta 13.X T Cell Receptor
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A monoclonal antibody was generated against human V beta 13.x T cell receptor isolated from a CTL line. It recognizes a novel human TCR idiotype expressed by 2-4% of peripheral blood lymphocytes. This antibody may be useful diagnostically to identify certain subsets of human T lymphocytes or therapeutically to manipulate the subset of T lymphocytes which express it. ...
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Stanford University
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A mouse model and new therapeutic target for psoriasis.
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This invention involves transgenic mice that show all clinical features and histologic/molecular characteristics tested so far for psoriasis.The study is the first to suggest that a model for studying hyperproliferative skin disorders such as psoriasis may be designed by the overexpression of Rac1 in basal epidermis of immune competent mice. Rac1 over-activity may be an important factor in the pat...
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Stanford University
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A new helper dependent adenoviral vector devoid of all viral genes
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Adenoviral vectors lacking all viral genes offer great potential for clinical applications in gene therapy trials. Adenovirus has several advantages over other viral-based gene therapy approaches, including the ability to produce high titers, efficient infection of a broad range of cell types, and the ability to infect dividing and nondividing cells. This invention proposes a new approach for deve...
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Stanford University
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A New Method for Microbial Biofilm Destruction and Interfering with Cellular Microbial Physiology
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Biofilm formation is a key factor in the establishment and persistence of many pathogenic microbial infections in humans and animals. This technology will facilitate the development and application of a new class of antimicrobial compounds that prevent or disrupt microbial biofilms, and potentially interfere with other essential prokaryotic cellular pathways. Microbial physiology, and specifically...
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Stanford University
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A New Regime for Operating Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers
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This invention is a novel operation regime for capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (cMUTs). Its method allows the center of the membrane to be in constant contact with the substrate.Traditionally, cMUTs are operated at a bias voltage lower than the collapse voltage of their membrane. The method of this invention produces a higher electromechanical coupling efficiency than that of a cMU...
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Stanford University
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A new technology for barcoded clonal amplification
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Here we describe a process for bar-coding and clonal amplification of DNA from the same or different sources. The proposed technique can be used for genome sequencing, expression profiling, sequencing of selected pieces of DNA from genome or microbial flora typing. Single nucleic acid molecule is captured and clonally amplified for sequence analysis. Using this technique thousands of DNA molecule ...
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Stanford University
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A Novel System of Image Guidance for Minimally Invasive Medical Interventions
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5,000,000 people worldwide have Atrial Fibrillation with another 240,000 diagnosed every year. Catheter based ablation procedures offer a cure for this problem, with 7,500 performed last year alone. According to Frost and Sullivan, this two billion dollar market is predicted to experience 6-9% annual growth. More rapid growth is limited by poor efficacy (<70%), long procedure time (2-6 hrs), an...
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Stanford University
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A simple method and device for checking positional accuracy of the leaves of multileaf collimator (MLC)
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Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is an advanced form of radiation therapy that promises to improve dose conformation while reducing the irradiation to sensitive structures. However, the modality is more complicated than conventional treatment. Additionally, it requires much more stringent quality assurance (QA) to ensure what has been planned can be achieved accurately. One of the main...
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Stanford University
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A Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator
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Gastric bypass surgery, gastric pacing, and several implantable devices have been designed to cause weight loss by interfering with gastric emptying and gastric tone. The key limiting factors for these approaches are (1) they are invasive and (2) gastric control cannot be easily titrated. Both of these factors are important since massively obese patients frequently suffer chronic medical illness.T...
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Stanford University
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A Variable Diameter Circular X-ray Collimator
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Stereotactic radiosurgery is carried out using a set of collimators, each having a circular aperture with a fixed diameter. Conventional collimators must be changed manually to form beams of different diameters. This technology describes an automated collimation device that can provide single drive-controlled hexagonal aperture. A stack of two or more hexagonal spanners provide sufficient attenuat...
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Stanford University
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Accessing Optical Bandwidth without Service Interruption
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It is becoming increasingly important to build networks that allow easy and frequent access to bandwidth at fine granularity. One method for accessing bandwidth at a single node is "wavelength add-drop", in which a node adds or drops a particular wavelength from among incoming signals at various wavelengths. However, wavelength add-drop may lead to a "hit", or loss of data or synchronization at do...
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Stanford University
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Activation of a Novel Estrogen Receptor
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This invention describes a method of activating the GPR30 receptor to protect neurons from injury and death by using estrogen and other structurally-related molecules. Neurological dysfunction is prevented or treated by the administration of ligands that activate the GPR30 receptor. Ligands include, but are not limited to, estrogens and structurally related molecules. ...
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Stanford University
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Activation of T Cells against Tumors and Infectious Diseases
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Stanford researchers have developed a method to target antigens to dendritic cells in the body (the most potent antigen-presenting cells) and activates them. This in-vivo method induces systemic immunity against tumors or infectious diseases. The investigators combined the use of a dendritic cell growth factor (Flt3 ligand) with a dendritic cell activator (immunostimulatory DNA) and a protein anti...
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Stanford University
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Adaptive Algorithms
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This invention introduces an optimized framework to eliminate modal dispersion that is the dominant limitation to the bit rate-distance product in multimode fiber-optic communication. Optical signals are passed through an optical medium using an approach that facilitates the mitigation of interference. This invention provides a novel approach to increase the data-carrying capability of widely inst...
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Stanford University
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Adaptive Pixel for High Dynamic Range and Disturbance Detection and Correction
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The invention describes a focal-plane array architecture for imaging very wide dynamic range scenes and the detection of sudden surges of illumination, e.g., due to pulsed laser. The proposed architecture comprises a per-pixel Analog Front End (AFE), a fine ADC stage, and a Digital Signal Processor/Controller (DSPC) stage. The AFE performs programmable gain amplification (PGA) and disturbance dete...
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Stanford University
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Adaptive Playout Scheduling for VoIP
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This invention improves the quality of service (QoS) for Internet telephony. Due to network delay jitter, buffering at the receiver consumes a large part of the total end-to-end delay budget in order to reconstruct the voice packets in their periodic pattern. A new receiver-based playout scheduling scheme has been developed to reduce the packet buffering delay and packet loss. ...
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Stanford University
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Adaptive Spatial Signal Processing to Enhance Transmission Capacity in Multimode Optical Fiber
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This invention introduces a core technology for the multimode fibers. This approach uses adaptive optical signal processing, implemented by spatial light modulators, to increase transmission capacity on existing multimode fibers. The improvement exploits principal modes, which are robust modes that propagate with well-defined group delays and without cross coupling. In its simplest form, this appr...
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Stanford University
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Adaptive Transmission Beam Forming in a Wireless Communication System
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A method for forming an adaptive phased array transmission beam pattern at a base station without any knowledge of array geometry or mobile feedback is described. The approach is immune to the problems which plague methods which attempt to identify received angles of arrival from the mobile and map this information to an optimum transmit beam pattern. In addition, this approach does not suffer the...
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Stanford University
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Addressing CMUT Arrays
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Capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducers (CMUT) have recently emerged as a viable alternative to traditional piezoelectric transducers. Conventionally, a CMUT array is fabricated on the front side of a silicon substrate. However, conventional arrangements of the CMUT arrays make inefficient use of the surface area on the front side of the silicon substrate, and require long routing lines to...
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Stanford University
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Adjustable Shear Joint
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A researcher at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) has developed an innovative means of greatly reducing fabrication and verification costs associated with assembly of large items that require management of high shear loads (i.e., random vibration loads). A pdf of a full description, including figures showing vibration test results, is at http://www.stanford.edu/group/OTL/lagan/04-083.p...
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Stanford University
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Advanced Gate Electrode with Depletion Suppression and Tunable Workfunction
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This improved gate structure provides a tunable gate workfunction for transistor threshold adjustment, and at the same time increases the carrier concentration in the gate electrode, to enhance the transistor drive. Using this approach eliminates a wide range of problems that are currently faced in MOS device technology, such as carrier depletion in the gate and threshold implantation into the cha...
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Stanford University
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AKT Plasmid
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The family of protein kinases called Akt, protein kinase B (PKB), or related to A and C kinase (RAC) have been implicated in numerous biological processes including adipocyte and muscle differentiation, glycogen synthesis, glucose uptake, apoptosis and cellular proliferation. There are 3 known isoforms of this enzyme in mammalian cells. Akt1 and 2 contain a key regulatory serine phosphorylation si...
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Stanford University
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Alignment of Nanotubes by Beam of Particles
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This is a method to align carbon nanotubes and other similar thin nanostructures in a desired direction using a beam of particles. The nanostructures are aligned towards the source of the beam, which is used to determine the direction of alignment precisely. The major impact of this method will be in applications where nanotubes and similar nanostructures of a precise alignment are needed. Scannin...
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Stanford University
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Alkyl Monolayers Synthesized with Free Radical Chemistry Covalently Bonded to Silicon
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This patented technology allows covalent bonding of a molecular layer of a selected molecular moiety to a silicon surface. The silicon surface is first etched to form a hydrogenated silicon surface. The surface is then combined with a free radical-producing compound to produce the selected molecular moiety. Lastly, the combined silicon surface and the free radical-producing compound are heated to ...
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Stanford University
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An Atom Interferometer Based on the Mechanical Effects for Light on Matter
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Based on this invention timed excitation of individual quantum objects induced by electromagnetic energies in the forms of stimulated Raman Transitions result in a controlled change in the momentum of these objects that can be used to control momentum and thus the velocity of individual quantum objects.Specifically, the excitation of an atom by light results in the absorption or emission of the ra...
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Stanford University
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An Economical Cell-free Protein Synthesis Method Using Nucleoside Monophosphates and Glucose
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Researchers at Stanford have discovered a method to synthesize chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) protein in a cell-free reaction at a lowered cost using glucose as the energy source and nucleotide monophosphates (NMPs) instead of nucleotide triphosphates (NTPs). While the overall productivity of this reaction is slightly less than current methods, the product yield on a cost basis is almost...
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Stanford University
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An in vivo reporter of proteasome function
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the invention consists of a plasmid encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP) modified with a short targeting sequence appended to its carboxyterminus. This targeting sequence converts the normally stable GFP molecule into a short-lived protein and substrate of the ubiquitin proteasome pathway. A clonal cell line, GFPu-1, expressing this contstruct has been isolated. The fluorescence level...
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Stanford University
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An Indoor Absolute Positioning System with No Line of Sight Restrictions and Building-Wide Coverage
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Accurate sensing of position and attitude is required in a variety of indoor applications, but is a very challenging problem in a cluttered and unstructured real-world environment. This invention provides a means of determining the position and attitude of small sensor units with no line of sight requirements (the sensor can be completely enclosed in a pocket or box), position estimates that are a...
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Stanford University
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An inducible gene expression system for vertebrate systems
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The researchers have invented a novel inducible gene expression system for vertebrate cells. The system uses a chimeric nuclear recepter polypeptide that is activated by a chemical ligand. The chimeric nuclear receptor polypeptides contain an ecdysone receptor (EcR) ligand-binding domain. Upon activation, the polypeptide acts on transcription factors to upregulate expression in a target gene expre...
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Stanford University
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An Integrated Bioluminescent Detection System for Biological Applications
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Future biological studies will require very high throughput and integration of different systems. However, current biological assays are highly repetitive, labor intensive and require tiny volume samples prepared. Current detection methods employ CCD (Charged-Coupled Device) - based imaging systems that are bulky, expensive and slow. This novel invention integrates the assay, detection and analysi...
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Stanford University
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Anaerobe Targeted Enzyme-Mediated Prodrug Therapy
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A major obstacle in cancer gene therapy is selective tumor delivery. Previous studies have suggested that genetically engineered anaerobes of the genus Clostridia might be useful gene therapy vectors due to their ability to proliferate selectively in the hypoxic/necrotic regions common to solid tumors. However, the tumor colonization efficiency of previously used strains has been insufficient to p...
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Stanford University
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Analysis of Quantitative PCR
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This invention provides mathematical methods and techniques for accurate prediction, analysis, and estimation of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) based biochemical processes in the field of Genomics. The techniques presented in this invention can be implemented to analyze the results of Polymerase-based biochemical processes such as QPCR assays and statistically estimate the absolute and/or relativ...
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Stanford University
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Anergy Genes
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Novel Genes Involved in T Cell AnergyStudies originally performed in 1998 by Drs. Fathman and Bloom of Stanford's School of Medicine yielded partial information of several genes involved in T cell anergy. Now, they have identified five anergy genes, three of which are novel and may be of interest for promoting immunosuppression.Original Research:Differential display was used to identify several no...
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Stanford University
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Anti HA Monoclonal Antibody
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Rat monoclonal antibody isotype IgG2a (clone #153) recognizes the HA peptide sequence [YPYDVPDYA] derived from the influenza hemagglutinin protein. The HA peptide can be added to unrelated proteins through recombinant techniques. The resulting "epitope-tagged" fusion protein can be detected using the anti-HA monoclonal antibody #153. Through the use of epitope-tagged proteins, scientists can use t...
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Stanford University
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Anti-HCV Targets and Assays
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Hepatitis C is caused by the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and affects over 100 million people worldwide with annual HCV-related costs totaling $1B in the US. While the disease is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, current therapies for the disease remain inadequate. The best available treatment for HCV is a combination of interferon and ribavarin, which is often lengthy, difficult to toler...
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Stanford University
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Anti-MLL.C monoclonal antibody
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Monoclonal antibody that recognizes MLL, an oncoprotein that is mutated in a broad subset of pediatric and adult leukemias. MLL protein displays histone methyltransferase activity. ...
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Stanford University
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Anti-SUV39H1 monoclonal antibody
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Monoclonal antibody for detection of SUV39H1, a mammalian homolog of Drosophila Suv(3-9). Antibody is applicable for western blotting, immunoprecipitation, and cyto- and immuno-histochemistry. ...
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Stanford University
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Antibodies to Human B7 Integrin
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The invention consists of the ability to treat inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, particularly but not exclusively those involving mucosal sites such as in the chronic inflammatory bowel disease, by blocking or altering 4B7 interactions with vascular and extracellular matrix ligands, thus altering lymphocyte and leukocyte recruitment from the blood into mucosal sites, and modulating local infl...
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Stanford University
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Antifoams for Enhanced and Efficient Scale-Up of Protein Synthesis in Cell-Free Expression Systems
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Professor Jim Swartz and his colleague at Stanford have discovered a method to enable economical scale-up of cell-free systems. By adding antifoaming agents to a cell-free protein synthesis system in a bubble column reactor, they have managed to enhance the total, soluble and active yield of the protein of interest. When antifoams are not added, the reaction immediately foams out of the top of the...
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Stanford University
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Antisense to Akt-3
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This patent is co-owned with Isis.Issued U.S. patent abstract: Antisense compounds, compositions and methods are provided for modulating the expression of Akt-3. The compositions comprise antisense compounds, particularly antisense oligonucleotides, targeted to nucleic acids encoding Akt-3. Methods of using these compounds for modulation of Akt-3 expression and for treatment of diseases associated...
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Stanford University
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Aperiodic quasi-phasematching gratings
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Use of aperiodic (chirped) quasi-phasematching gratings within the context of nonlinear optical frequency conversion of ultra-short optical pulses. In particular, the two functions of frequency conversion and pulse compression can be simultaneously obtained in one device which can be independently optimized for each function. ...
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Stanford University
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Apparatus used for the continuous measurement of engineering process flows
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Flow measurement of liquid streams is an integral part of the monitoring and optimization of engineering processes. It is desirable to be able to measure these flows accurately and on a continuous basis.Stanford researchers have developed a dependable and accurate apparatus and method for the continuous measurement of low-rate, intermittent, incremental, unsteady or gas-entrained flow (collectivel...
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Stanford University
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Application of Data Clustering Techniques to Optical Metrology
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A method of measuring based upon pattern recognition data clustering. It provides reproducible measurements from sample to sample without operator interpretation. It is applicable to both correlation microscopes and confocal microscopes. ...
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Stanford University
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Application of Nano Carbons and Nano Carbon Tubes to Create Intravascular Devices
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This invention provides applications for the use of nano carbon architectures, such as carbon nanotubes, as backbone structures for intravascular prothesis. These applications include the implantation of carbon nanotubes for the support, replacement, or bypass of compromised vascular tissues. In addition, this invention describes the use nanotubes as delivery vehicles for biological and non biolog...
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Stanford University
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Applications of Perps Role in Epithelial Adhesion
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Stanford researchers have identified a protein that can be used as a target for the treatment of cancer, or as a biomarker for skin diseases.Stanford researchers have identified a protein whose inhibition hinders the development of skin cancer in mice after exposure to carcinogens. On the other hand, the investigators have found that knockout mice that do not express this protein develop skin and ...
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Stanford University
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Assays to Identify Compounds that Target Intermediate Filament Proteins
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Researchers at Stanford University and the Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System have invented and developed assays for identifying compounds that stabilize or destabilize intermediate filament (IF) proteins. These assays enable identification of potential therapeutic compounds that may treat a wide range of chronic and debilitating conditions. These conditions include several skin, ocular...
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Stanford University
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Asymmetric Epoxidation Process
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The Sharpless Asymmetric Epoxidation has been hailed as the first practical method for the production of chiral compounds of high enantiomeric purity. This technology describes methods and compositions for asymmetrically donating an oxygen atom to a pair of electrons to produce an asymmetric product. Specifically, a metal alkoxide is used as a catalyst, where the metal has a coordination number of...
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Stanford University
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Asymmetric Minimum-Cost MRI Magnet
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A homogeneous field electromagnet having at least two coils in each of two regions. One region has a smaller inner radius than the other region so that the magnet is asymmetrical. The magnet has coils with a smaller radius on one side compared to the other side. This provides the benefit of allowing the magnet to be shorter for a given field of view size (compared to a uniform-radius cylindrical m...
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Stanford University
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Asymmetric Molybdenum Catalyzed Alkylations
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Interest in molybdenum and tungsten catalyzed allylic alkylations stems from the complementary regioselectivity compared to palladium. Cinnamyl systems represent a particularly challenging case because of the overwhelming bias for attack at the less substituted terminus. Using tungsten complexed by a ligand derived from R,R-1,2-diaminocyclohexane and picolinic acid for the alkylation of cinnamyl m...
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Stanford University
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Atom Economic Asymmetric Aldol and Related Reactions
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Carbonyl addition reactions are very prominent in the synthesis of complex molecules. The classic aldol is illustrative, but the reaction suffers from poor chemo- and regioselectivity. Researchers in the laboratory of Dr. Barry Trost at Stanford University have developed a catalytic system that provides an exceptionally efficient way to effect aldol and the related nitroaldol to form chiral, enant...
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Stanford University
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Atomic Force Microscopy Data Storage System
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An atomic force microscope (AFM) based data storage disk drive uses a cantilever structure that provides independent detection of vertical and lateral motion of the AFM tip as a track with data marks moves past the tip. The vertical detection of the tip deflection toward and away from the disk surface is used for data detection of the data marks that form the tracks. The lateral detection of the t...
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Stanford University
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Atrial Shaper
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The most devastating effect of untreated atrial fibrillation is stroke. A-Fib patients have an increased risk of stroke because stagnant blood in the left atrium is prone to forming clots. A piece of clot can break off and travel into the cerebral or peripheral vasculature and cause a stroke. This invention is a way to decrease the risk of stroke in A-fib patients by closing off the left atrial ap...
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Stanford University
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Automated Electron Microscopy Freezing Robot
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The current technique used to freeze electron microscopy (EM) samples requires plunging them into liquid ethane cooled down to -180 C and then transporting them to liquid nitrogen to be stored for future use. The Automated Electron Microscopy Freezing Robot developed at Stanford provides a less time-consuming, more readily reproducible process for freezing and storing EM samples. The device is ent...
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Stanford University
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Automated Sorting of Live Transgenic Embryos
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This invention allows for the automated sorting of a sub-population of embryos of a given genotype from a larger population of embryos. Whole, live, embryos of interest can be tagged with a gene encoding GFP (Green Fluorescent Protein) and passed through the sorting machine. The fluorescence emitted by excited embryos containing the GFP gene can be detected by the machine and sorted accordingly. S...
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Stanford University
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Automatic Generation of Radiological Teaching Files
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The creation of web-based teaching files for radiology has been a manual and time-consuming task that has discourages many users from contributing their cases. Our system is an automated web-based teaching file system that integrates seamlessly with any DICOM-compatible PACS. Users can, with a few clicks, send clinical image files to our system for anonymisation, automated categorization and teach...
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Stanford University
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B7 Integrins: Ligands and Distribution
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The ability to treat inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, particularly but not exclusively those involving mucosal sites, by blocking or altering a4b7interactions. ...
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Stanford University
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Binary Tree for Complex Supervised Learning
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Stanford researchers have developed an algorithm for general supervised learning; it applies to any situation in which a learning sample with features and outcome is given (missing values are allowed in predictors, but not in the outcomes). It is particularly applicable to complex data sets where multiple factors combine together to determine outcome; those factors have complicated and influential...
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Stanford University
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Bio Application of E-O Pump
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Electroosmotic (EO) pumps drive fluids without moving mechanical parts using applied electric fields. They are capable of generating high pressure and flow. Since they feature no moving mechanical parts, the associated generation of acoustic and electrical noise is eliminated and reliability is improved. Electroosmotic pumps are fabricated with materials and structures that improve performance, ef...
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Stanford University
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Biological Metallic Nanowires
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There has been a growing interest in the field of nano-scale science and technology to efficiently and economically produce molecular sized components for use in new biological and electronics applications. This invention demonstrates the synthesis of metallic nanowires using a biological approach. ...
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Stanford University
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Biological Sensor for Protein Interactions
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This licensing opportunity represents a system for monitoring protein interactions and translocation events based on complementation of the beta-galactosidase enzyme. These processes are critical to cellular function and, thus, the ability to monitor such basic events provides a broadly applicable assay system for high throughput screening to identify compounds that inhibit or induce protein activ...
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Stanford University
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Bioluminescence Regenerative Cycle (BRC) for Nucleic Acid Quantification
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This invention provides an accurate method for detecting and qualifying target analytes. The presence of nucleic acid results in emission of light by bioluminescence regenerative cycle (BRC). The comparison of the total number of photons accumulated in different interval with the background photon emission determines the number of target nucleic acids. The target nucleic acid may be covalently or ...
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Stanford University
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Biosynthetic Labeling and Separation of RNA
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A method is described for efficient biosynthetic tagging of RNA such that it can be easily and quantitatively purified away from all other, unlabeled RNA, in vitro or in vivo. The resulting material can be used in microarrays and cross-linking protocols. Using cell-specific promoters, the method allows RNA from individual cell types to be readily separated from all other RNA in an entire organ or ...
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Stanford University
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Blood Assay for Diagnosing Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis
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Stanford researchers have developed a method that may effectively diagnose acute and chronic pancreatitis. The assay involves the analysis of a physiological sample, such as blood or urine, for the presence of pancreatic glycoprotein, GP2. Initial studies suggest that the assay is more sensitive than currently practiced serum amylase test for diagnosing acute pancreatitis. Likewise, GP2 plasma lev...
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Stanford University
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Blood-Based Genetic Markers Predictive of Immune Tolerance to Solid Organ Transplantation
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Dr. Minnie Sarwal (Stanford University) and her colleagues have discovered a method to determine which patients develop tolerance to their transplanted organs and thus do not require immunosuppression following organ transplantation. These patients have accepted their transplanted organ as self, but otherwise have an intact immune system (eg. intact infectious immunity). A customized group of sele...
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Stanford University
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BOK: A New Member of the Bcl-2 Gene Family
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Stanford researchers have identified Bok, a new member of the Bcl-2 family. The Bcl-2 family of proteins is essential in the intracellular cell death program. Over-expression of Bok induces apoptosis. Cell killing induced by Bok is suppressed by co-expression with selective anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins. Bok is highly expressed in multiple tissues including, ovary, testis, uterus, liver, brain, sp...
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Stanford University
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Botulism Toxin Induced Sympathectomy
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Many people suffer from chronic pain and turn to local anesthetics for relief. Unfortunately, this type of treatment is very temporary and may drive patients to seek more dangerous procedures such as surgery and/or the use of neurolytic agents. Researchers at Stanford University have developed a safer method for chronic pain relief involving the use of botulism toxin injections. Botulism toxin pro...
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Stanford University
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Bounce-by-bounce Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy
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Cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) records the absorption spectrum of a species inside (or in optical contact with) an optical cavity by measuring the change in the ring-down lifetime as a function of wavelength. Bounce-byBounce CRDS generalizes the analysis of the ring-down profile to include all decay forms, exploiting the sensitivity advantages of CRDS and establishing new opportunities to st...
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Stanford University
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Breath CO Detector and End-Tidal Sampler
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The Breath CO Detector and End-Tidal Sampler is intended for use in a hospital nursery, clinic, or physician's office for the sampling and analysis of neonatal end-tidal breath for carbon monoxide as an indication of hemolysis and subsequent infant jaundice. The Sampler includes a syringe and plunger for collecting end-tidal breath, a pump for supporting the syringe which can also incrementally wi...
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Stanford University
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Bronchoscopic Anesthesia Device
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Bronchoscopy is a procedure performed to capture images of the bronchus. These images allow for visualization of inflammation and unusual tissue growth in the trachea.This device addresses a common problem with performing bronchoscopy, which is the patient's natural reaction of coughing caused by stimulation of the tracheal tract. Coughing also causes the bronchoscope to need to be removed and len...
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Stanford University
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Bryostatin Analogues for Cancer, Bolstering Immunity, Multidrug Resistance and Other Uses
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Bryostatins are a family of naturally occurring compounds that exhibit potent and unique activity against a broad range of human cancers. They have also been found to synergize the effects of other anti-cancer compounds, restore apoptotic function, bolster the immune system, reverse multidrug resistance, promote the normal growth of bone marrow progenitor cells, and provide cellular protection aga...
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Stanford University
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BuddyBuzz
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Mobile phones and smart devices that have wireless connectivity are becoming mandatory parts of our mobile society. Many of these devices have displays for texts such as news feeds or books. Stanford researchers have developed a novel invention called BuddyBuzz that enables users to quickly and easily read text on a mobile device.This invention includes a cell phone or other mobile device which us...
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Stanford University
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Buspirone for Sleep Apnea
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Individuals, who experience sleep apnea, most often have no knowledge or memory of episodes of stopped breathing during their sleep, but constantly suffer from fatigue and daytime sleepiness for no apparent reason. During the apnea episodes, the oxygen level in the blood falls, which - besides the fragmented sleep - can have serious neurologic and cardiac consequences long term. In recent years th...
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Stanford University
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BuzzStream
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Stanford researchers have developed a novel invention which allows providers of temporal media to give their costumers personalized service by predicting the media elements (songs, audio news stories, videos etc) that individual users are likely to have the most interest in.In this program media elements are arranged and provided to the user based on a prediction of the users interest in that part...
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Stanford University
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Cancer-Specific Therapy That Targets HMG-CoA Reductase and Oncogenic Signalling Pathways3
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Researchers at Stanford have investigated a novel cancer-specific therapy using HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins). They found that different statins have different effects on various types of cancer when administered alone or in combination. Additionally, they have studied the treatment regiment where statin treatment would be effective in treatment of existing cancers or for the prevention o...
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Stanford University
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Capillary for Optical Imaging
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This invention introduces a novel capillary that is implanted into an animals body to serve as an imaging guide. An endoscope inserted into the capillary can be used to image deep tissue structures in living animals. Because the capillary remains fixed in place, the endoscope can probe the same location of the animal's body on repeating imaging sessions. This will provide the capability of imaging...
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Stanford University
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Carbon Nanotubes as molecular transporters and carriers for drug, gene therapy and protein delivery
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Single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) are covalently modified by acid treatment to allow subsequent attachment of small molecules and proteins. The SWNT-cargo conjugate is observed to undergo internalization into both adherent and non-adherent cell lines, most likely via endocytosis. We demonstrate here the internalization of a fluorescein moiety and of a labeled Streptavidin protein, after attach...
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Stanford University
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Carbon Nanotubes as Sensors
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This invention is the use of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) as sensors. It was discovered that exposure to small concentrations of molecules changed the electrical resistance of a semiconducting SWNT by several orders of magnitude. The nanotube molecular sensors operate at room temperature with reversibility and exhibit high sensitivity and fast response. ...
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Stanford University
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CardioCool TEC Device
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This year, approximately 1.1 million individuals will suffer an acute myocardial infarction (AMI, also known as heart attack). However, the primary methods for treating acute coronary disease are inadequate due to long patient waiting time, reperfusion injury, and failure to achieve normal perfusion in a timely manner. There is a clear need for cardiac protection at a much earlier stage, and myoca...
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Stanford University
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CareLink Management System for Coronary Artery Disease
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CareLink developed by researchers at the Stanford School of Medicine facilitates management of patients experiencing symptoms of a possible heart attack Currently, such patients are often reluctant to contact emergency services, which may result in needless death and disability. On the other hand, patients who do appear in the ER are often needlessly hospitalized and undergo unnecessary diagnostic...
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Stanford University
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Cartoon Capture and Retargeting
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Capturing the movement of an object and attributing it to a non-moving object. A cartoonist might capture the movement of a dancer then applu the motion of the dancer to a broom. Allows for a more natural and fluid motion for cartoons. ...
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Stanford University
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Catalyzing the Transient Response
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A steady-state condition for tipped nuclear spins is accelerated or catalyzed by first determining magnetization magnitude of the steady state and the scaling magnetization along one axis (Mz) to at least approximate the determined magnetization magnitude. Then the scaled magnetization is rotated to coincide with a real-valued eigenvector extension of the tipped steady-state magnetization. Any err...
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Stanford University
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Catheter-Based Three-Dimensional Ultrasonic Imaging
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This invention is a significantly improved system of methods and devices for obtaining three-dimensional images of an internal body site. The nature of the devices allows for radially wide three-dimensional images to be obtained in real time from a device that has a low profile during introduction to the body site of interest. ...
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Stanford University
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Cell Line Producing Soluble HLA-B7
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The general purposes of this invention are 1) to provide bulk quantities of relatively pure soluble antigens of the human major histocompatibility complex; and 2) to determine whether or not soluble forms of the normally surface-bound HLA antigens could be used for diagnostic purposes and to test if they would induce tolerization rather than the immune sensitization caused by the surface bound for...
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Stanford University
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Cell-based assay for Wnt signaling
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Cells that stably express a luciferase reporter construct, driven by the TCF transcription factor have been made. These cells respond to added Wnt protein in a highly reproducible and quantifiable way and are very suitable to test for the activity of candidate inhibitors of Wnt signaling, such as small molecules.The cells are transfected in a stable permanent way with a variant of the Top-Flash re...
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Stanford University
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Cell-Based Metabolic Sensor
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The device is a solid-state sensor that allows detection of dissolved oxygen concentrations in cells using biological cells growing on its active surface. The device is a useful tool for screening to identify pharmaceuticals that modulate metabolic rate of a cell up or down. This is especially useful in cardiovascular and neurological medicine and surgery where depression of metabolic rate can be ...
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Stanford University
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Cell-free synthesis of active mammalian proteins containing multiple disulfide bonds
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Cytotoxic, unstable, and insoluble proteins are difficult to produce using standard in vivo techniques. Cell-free protein synthesis techniques can overcome these challenges, and are also useful for the incorporation of unnatural amino acids. However, previous in vitro methods have been inefficient due to failure of protein products to readily fold into the native three-dimensional configuration re...
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Stanford University
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Characterization and Correction of Spatial Gradient Field Nonuniformities
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This invention is a novel method to characterize and correct for spatial gradient field non-uniformities in diffusion imaging with a special focus on diffusion tensor imaging. It can also be applied to fiber tracking, high-angular resolution diffusion imaging, and diffusion spectrum imaging. ...
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Stanford University
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Charge Alternation DNA Detection System
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This invention introduces a novel method for rapid detection and identification of DNA sequences present in a biological sample. The DNA identification is achieved by detection of electric charge perturbations of polymerase-catalyzed reaction by the electrochemical detection sensor with immobilized DNA. This invention provides rapid and sensitive detection of biological pathogens, genetic mutation...
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Stanford University
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Charge Sequencing: A New Technique for DNA Sequencing and SNP Detection
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By detecting variations in the charge of immobilized DNA, this novel technique is a faster and cheaper alternative to current methods of DNA sequencing. Developed at the Stanford Genome and Technology Center, the electrostatic scanning technique uses magnetically immobilized strands of DNA to read the genetic code. One possible application of this invention is to integrate it onto a silicon wafer....
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Stanford University
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Chemically Modified Adenoviral Vectors for Suicide Gene Therapy
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Suicide genes, in combination the appropriate suitable prodrug, have been used to successful target and kill tumors. Typically the suicide gene codes for an enzyme that catalyzes the transformation of a harmless prodrug into a toxic metabolite. Administration of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene in combination with the prodrug ganciclovir (GCV) is the most elaborately studied...
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Stanford University
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Chemoselective Modification of Surfaces via 1,2,3 Triazole Formation
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Fabrication of devices such as DNA sensors and fuel cell electrodes requires control of surface chemistry. Researchers in the laboratories of Chris Chidsey and James Collman at Stanford University have developed methods for the robust attachment of chemical species to surfaces by extremely selective and rapid reactions.After forming surface monomolecular layers of azides, this technique utilizes "...
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Stanford University
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Chromosomal Recombination in Somatic Cells to Create Mouse Models for Different Human Diseases
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Stanford scientists developed a novel method to generate site-directed chromosome recombination in somatic cells in mice. Using this technology it is possible to manipulate mammalian genomes in somatic cells and to specifically label the homozygous mutant cells in an otherwise heterozygous animal. The recombinantion of the chromosomes during the somatic state is regulated by Cre recombinase and th...
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Stanford University
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Chronically Implantable Optical Imaging System
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The implantable imaging system allows a minimally invasive imaging of brain neuronal activities through optical imaging of the brain for use in animal models for drug discovery as well as in humans for studies of disease progression and prosthetic limb control. This semiconductor based optical imaging array can be as small as few mm in size allowing studies of free behaving small animals like mice...
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Stanford University
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CIFE interactive room technology
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The CIFE iRoom is a collection of linked software and hardware that allows users to readily structure, display and manipulate the various information used to design and implement a large project. The initial versions of the system were developed by the Computer Science Department for visualization of complex information sets (iwork.stanford.edu). This invention covers the extensions developed by C...
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Stanford University
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Clasp-1 Mediates Lymphocyte Communication
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The present invention relates to molecules involved in cell-cell interactions in the immune system. In particular, the invention relates to a cell surface protein which contains certain classical cadherin characteristics, but it exhibits an apical distribution pattern on the surface of lymphocytes. The membrane location of this molecule correlates with the contact interface between T and B cells, ...
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Stanford University
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Class 1-HLA Peptides and their Immunomodulatory Potential
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The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules present self and foreign protein fragments to T lymphocytes and are the major molecular targets of organ transplant rejection and autoimmune diseases. The MHC encodes two polymorphic classes of human leukocyte antigens (HLA): Class-I HLA molecules, which usually function in the recognition of antigens by cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, and Class-II HLA ...
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Stanford University
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Classification of Patients Having Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Based on Gene Expression
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Stanford researchers have developed an assay for subtyping diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients based upon the gene expression profiles in DLBCL sample tissue. The method involves the correlation of gene expression in tumor samples from DLBCL patients for the classification of disease characteristics such as patient survival. From this analysis, the expression level of a set of six genes...
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Stanford University
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Clean Catalyst Delivery
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Preparation of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) in large quantity with high purity is very important issue because of their potential in future applications, such as molecular nanoelectrocnics, field emission display, bio- and gas sensor, etc. This invention involves a novel method for the preparation of catalytic nanoparticles for the synthesis of SWNTs with high purity and high yield. This i...
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Stanford University
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Clinical and Genomic/Proteomic Data Integration and QA/QC Analysis System
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Using open-source tools, the Stanford researchers Ji, Kumm and Davis have developed a highly cost-effective, flexible and web-oriented software system to conduct real-time quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) analysis on genomic and proteomic data sets generated from clinical studies. This system enables reproducible biomarker discovery by conducting on-the-fly analysis for a variety of metri...
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Stanford University
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Clone 2.61
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Anti-Pan-Human IgG clone. ...
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Stanford University
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Clones
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Isotype switch variant family with a dansyl-binding specificity: Clones: 27-4,4 IgG1 anti-Dansyl; 27-13 IgG2a anti-Dansyl; 27-35 IgG2b anti-Dansyl; 2774 IgE anti-Dansyl.Genetic engineered cell lines secreting chimeric immunoglobulins with a dansyl-binding specificity: Clone 27 IgG3 anti-Dansyl.Mouse lymphocyte cell surface antigen-specific hybridomas: Clones: 53-2.1 anti-Thy-1; 53-5.8 anti-Lyt-3; ...
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Stanford University
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CMOS Image Sensor with Self Reset Pixel Architecture
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By integrating image detection and processing on a single chip, CMOS sensors provide a great advantage over CCD sensors. However, as technology scales, the CMOS sensor's dynamic range and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) decrease dramatically. The CMOS image sensor overcomes this effect by utilizing self-reset pixel architecture, in which pixels reset when their collected charge reaches well capacity. ...
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Stanford University
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CMOS Power Amplifier with Reduced Harmonics and Improved Efficiency
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Efficiency enhancement over a wide range of power is essential for today's wireless applications because mobile terminals do not usually transmit at maximum output power. High energy efficiency would result in longer battery-life and reduce the requirements for heat dissipation. As CMOS technology advances, it is becoming an attractive alternative for use in power amplifiers, based on its small fe...
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Stanford University
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CMOS Video Sensor System with Improved SNR under Low Illumination
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Video sensors currently suffer from poor quality under low illumination, because the collected photocharge is small relative to system noise, resulting in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Such systems further reduce image quality by performing "global reset"-the reset of all pixels at the beginning of each video frame-an action necessary to prevent pixel saturation. The CMOS video sensor system el...
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Stanford University
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CMUTS with Higher Mechanical Sensitivity
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One aspect of this invention is a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer with improved mechanical sensitivity. The invention pertains to elements of a 1-D or a 2-D array of cMUTs for high-resolution ultrasonic imaging and transduction. ...
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Stanford University
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Collapse Prevention for Membranes with Electrostatic Sensing
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This dielectric material prevents electrostatically-sensed movable membranes from collapsing to the substrate. These membranes are used in many instruments such as microphones, ultrasonic transducers and hearing aids. ...
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Stanford University
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Collection Mode Lens System
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This invention is a collection mode lens system which includes a large area detector, a collecting lens and a small lens in which the field of view is determined by the acceptance angle or numerical aperature of the collecting lens, and the diameter of the small lens, and no pinhole is used in front of the detector. ...
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Stanford University
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Combination Carotid Artery Stenting With Embolic Protection
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This device is an All-in-One System (AOS) that combines stenting to address stenosis (blockages/narrowings) of the carotid artery with an embolic protection filter.The AOS is a combination of three separate existing devices: 1) the stent and delivery system; 2) the angioplasty balloon and delivery system; and 3) the embolic protection filter and delivery system.Note: Conceptual prototypes of all a...
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Stanford University
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CoMem
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Architecture, Engineering and Construction (A/E/C) Teams and individuals involved in the design process often collaborate with team members with broad experience gained from previous projects in the firm, so they attempt to share and reuse their knowledge. This collaborative knowledge reuse from past experiences involves exploration of design content stored in corporate project design repositories...
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Stanford University
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Composition and Method to Purify Active Wnt Proteins for Stem Cell Proliferation
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Wnt proteins are potent growth factors that regulate diverse developmental processes. In the past, active Wnt protein has never been purified to homogeneity with retention of activity. Dr. Roeland Nusse and Dr. Karl Willert developed a method for such purification, which they have been using successfully in their laboratory to isolate biologically active, substantially homogeneous Wnt protein. The...
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Stanford University
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Compound Vector Operations
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This invention introduces a high performance processor that reduces the global bandwidth memory requirements particularly for media application to the capabilities of VLSI technology. This processor utilizes the "streams" programming model and the "Imagine" architecture. The Stream model, in which an application is coded as streams of data records, enables a system to meet the large instruction an...
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Stanford University
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Compton x-ray source
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The invention is a high-intensity, inexpensive and collimated x-ray source for applications such as x-ray lithography. The wavelength may be adjusted between 1nm to 10nm (soft x-rays) and potentially above 10nm (EUV range). ...
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Stanford University
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Computer Systems to Support Reasoning
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The classical definition of proof provides an excellent model for what constitutes logical reasoning within mathematics; however, applying the classical model outside of mathematics can be problematic. This invention introduces a mathematical framework for representing and analyzing evidence-based, context-influenced human reasoning, which distinguishes itself in the ability to formulate a theoret...
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Stanford University
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Conditional Gene Overexpression for Therapeutic & Diagnostic Targets
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To better model human disease, the inventors have developed a conditional strategy for regulating gene expression in a tissue-specific and developmental manner. The Tetracycline Regulatory System (tet system) is used to conditionally overexpress the oncogene MYC. This allowed for determination of a direct correlation between increasing amounts of doxycycline and MYC expression. The inventors have ...
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Stanford University
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Conditional use of TERT for stem cell activation in tissue regeneration
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Researchers at Stanford have discovered that TERT, the protein subunit of telomerase, can be used to activate resting, adult tissue stem cells. Through their work in novel inducible transgenic mice, they have shown that conditional activation of TERT protein is sufficient to cause quiescent stem cells to proliferate and to initiate an regenerative program. Induction of TERT in epidermal stem cells...
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Stanford University
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Conditional Vector Operations
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This invention is directed to computer architectures. More specifically, the invention is directed to pipelined and parallel processing computer systems, which are designed to efficiently perform conditional processing operations using a large number of operational units and pipelines. One of the major problems in the modern computer systems is providing adequate instruction and data bandwidth. In...
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Stanford University
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Continuous Polymeric Brush
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A new method has been developed for preparing a patterned continuous polymeric brush on a substrate surface. This method involves functionalization of the substrate surface followed by surface-initiated polymerization at the initiation sites so provided, whereby a covalently bound continuous polymeric brush results, with acid-labile groups present throughout. The acid is a photogenerated acid resu...
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Stanford University
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Contribution of Bone-Marrow Derived Cells to Skeletal Muscle Repair and Regeneration
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The regeneration of damaged or genetically deficient organs and tissues is a major problem in health care, since most organs and tissues regenerate poorly in mammals and since therapeutic intervention is often not readily available or ineffective.Human muscle tissue, for example, has a limited capacity for regeneration. Cardiac muscle tissue following injury, such as a myocardial infarction, gener...
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Stanford University
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Controlling Degradation of Glycoprotein Oligosaccharides by Extracellular Glycosidases
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As the biotech industry makes good on it's long-standing promise of delivering recombinant therapeutics, methods of producing therapeutic biologics such as secreted proteins have been in high demand. But as the industry develops, there is a growing need not only to produce protein but also to improve the homogeny and lasting structural integrity of the proteins produced.This technology enables pro...
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Stanford University
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Creating Sharp Asymmetric Lineshapes in Microcavity Structures
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To achieve large on/off contrast ratios, current methods employed for optical switching use optical microcavity structures that tend to shift the required frequency much farther than the width of a single resonance. This invention introduces a new microcavity structure that significantly reduces the frequency shift required for on/off switching. The structure consists of two partially reflecting e...
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Stanford University
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Crosstalk Identification in xDSL Systems
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This invention provides various methods for inferring the crosstalk power and phase coupling between transmission lines sharing a common facility. A method that significantly improves data rate and facilitates provisioning, maintenance and diagnosis of xDSL systems. This novel concept uses a third-party site to capture the transmitted data and received data from each DSL model for a pre-defined pe...
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Stanford University
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Cystic Fibrosis (CF) Arrayed Primer
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By means of arrayed single primer nucleotide extension (APEX) technology, we have designed a genotyping microarray with 204 probe sites for Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) mutation detection. The APEX array, based on a platform technology for disease detection with multiple applications, is a robust, cost-effective, and easily modifiable assay suitable for CF carrier scr...
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Stanford University
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Cystic Fibrosis Treatment
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Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most frequent recessive genetic disease in Caucasians. Lung disease is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in CF, due to bacterial infection and inflammation. Researchers at Stanford University have developed a novel approach to preventing lung disease associated with lung inflammation in patients with CF. This approach is a new indication for a previously existin...
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Stanford University
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DATK44
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MAb, DATK44, induces homotypic aggregation of TK1 cells (a CD8 lymphoma). The glycoprotein recognized by DATK44 is of approximate m.w. 50 kDa and is expressed by monocytes, neutrophils, and subsets of lymphocytes, as well as on the high endothelial venule in peripheral and mesenteric lymph nodes.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7543529&dopt...
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Stanford University
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Decision Feedback Viterbi Detection for page-access optical memories
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In page-optical memories such as holographic storage systems, the interference that occurs between pixels during the readout process can lead to bit error rates that are unacceptably high. Here, the inventors address this interference, known as inter-symbol interference or ISI, by adapting and incorporating signal processing methods typically used in communications applications. The preferred sign...
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Stanford University
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Design of Image Sensor Pixel in Dual Gate Oxide Deep Sub-Micron CMOS Process
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Decreasing the size of CMOS image sensors lowers the cost of manufacturing and raises the spatial resolution of the images. However, the downscaling of CMOS circuits dramatically increases the leakage current and decreases dynamic range. This invention provides a design for a CMOS image sensor that reduces these undesirable effects by combining the use of both thin and thick gate oxide transistors...
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Stanford University
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Detection of Protein Modification
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This invention provides methods for detecting molecular interactions, particularly protein-protein interactions, in eukaryotic and mammalian cells, in situ or in vitro using at least two inactive, weakly-complementing beta-lactamase fragments, which form fusion proteins with the molecules of interest. The detection of molecular interactions in mammalian cells is not limited to the nuclear compartm...
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Stanford University
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Determining the Near Surface Carrier Mobility in Semiconductors
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An apparatus using a resonator probe for determining an electronic property of a conductor across a dielectric. The apparatus has a device for inducing lateral mechanical oscillations of the resonator probe and a voltage source for producing a voltage difference between the resonator probe and the conductor to create an electronic drag between the conductor and resonator probe, thus damping the me...
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Stanford University
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Device and Method for Manufacturing low cost 1.3um VCSEL for Optical Communications
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This invention enables the low cost fabrication of an optical-electronic semiconductor device for that operates at wavelengths above 1.2 microns, particularly for optical communication systems. This technology overcomes many of the current problems facing optical communications systems. This GaInNAs materials system is very promising for this application as it allows the fabrication of VCSELs at 1...
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Stanford University
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Device for Access to Body and Trocar Placement in Laporoscopic Surgery
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Obtaining access from the skin surface to abdominal cavity (to allow laparoscopic trocar placement) is the initial step in laparoscopic surgery. This can be achieved using three of the commonly used laparoscopic access devices. However, these devices are frequently flawed with disadvantages, either associated with complications such as bowel and blood vessel perforation or resulting in bowel or va...
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Stanford University
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Device for Percutaneous Closure of Arteriotomies
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The inventors have developed a novel, patent pending solution for safe, rapid and reliable percutaneous closure of arteriotomies. Percutaneous closure of arteriotomies remains an unmet clinical need because existing closure devices exhibit complications relative to manual pressure, and are used only to close arteriotomies up to 8F in size. In the case of larger arteriotomies, (e.g. aortic stent gr...
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Stanford University
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Device to extract a clot from the neurovasculature during an acute stroke
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The device comprises a coil with a distal filter affixed to a wire. The coil and filter section is made of an elastic material, such as nitinol. It is delivered in a contracted state in a microcatheter through and beyond the clot. Then, the microcatheter is withdrawn so that the distal filter and distal portion of the coil self-expand out of the microcatheter. The microcatheter and apparatus is th...
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Stanford University
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Device to Facilitate Surgical Wound Care
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Surgical incisions are frequently covered with dressings secured to skin surface by tapes in the first few days or weeks after surgery (to avoid staining of clothings by blood/body fluids from surgical incisons, to help maintain adequate hygiene at the wound sites, to avoid exposure of incision sites to water in showering/bathing, as well as to serve some degree of aesthetic/psychologic purposes)....
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Stanford University
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Device to treat degenerative and herniated spinal discs
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The inventors have developed a device to address degenerative spinal disc disease and disc herniation. The proposed approach can access the affected area either via an open surgery or minimally invasive means.Surgical fusion has been the dominant course of surgical treatment for treatment of spinal instability since it was invented in 1900. However, the procedure is highly controversial, according...
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Stanford University
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Devices and Method to Protect Against Embolization
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During stenting procedures, clot and plaque are dispersed into the bloodstream where they can cause serious problems such as stroke. This device provides a way to prevent unwanted materials from embolizing in the body, particularly materials that are dispersed in the distal internal carotid artery (ICA) during carotid stenting. The device consists of a balloon which drives debris in one direction ...
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Stanford University
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Devices that Treat Back Pain
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EPI-X We have a device concept that will revolutionize catheter-based procedures. The Device enables the delivery of applications larger than the diameter of the catheter. This device minimizes the tissue trauma caused by shear forces and blunt expansion that is normally seen when delivering an application with a large crossing profile.Applications:interventional cardiology and radiology procedure...
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Stanford University
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Diagnosis and Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence
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As Professor and Chair of the Gynecology & Obstetrics Department of the Stanford School of Medicine, Dr. Mary Lake Polan has discovered a method her research shows is effective for diagnosing and treating stress urinary incontinence.------------------------------------------------ A decade ago the National Institutes of Health estimated at least 10 million American adults suffered from urinary...
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Stanford University
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Diagnostic Markers And Targets In Human Heart Failure
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The cause for heart failure is often not easily determined, impeding the selection of the appropriate therapy. This invention employed transcriptional profiling to identify markers and targets at the molecular level to help develop more specific treatment approaches. In particular, a team of Stanford researchers identified genes such as mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 (MAPK 4) , TEC tyrosine pr...
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Stanford University
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Diagnostics and Targets for Disorders of Collagen and Elastin Metabolism
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Stanford researchers have found that the total content of collagen and elastin is lower in the affected tissues of patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP).The turnover of collagen and elastin, driven by proteolytic enzymes (metalloproteinases, or MMPs) and their inhibitors (the tissue inhibitors, or TIMPs), is involved in several disorders of the connective ...
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Stanford University
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Difference Encoding of Binary Data for Holographic Storage
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The bit error rate in digital holographic data storage is reduced by six orders of magnitude through the use of a novel encoding and decoding method. The invention encodes binary or grey scale digital information in the form of bit or data groups containing both information bits and reference bits. Subsequent decoding occurs through a differentiation operation, such as subtraction, on the informat...
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Stanford University
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Differentiating Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells into Mature Adipocytes
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This invention provides a method to produce large numbers of mature adipocytes from mouse embryonic stem cells in a physiological system. The inventors are currently investigating the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into other tissues as well....
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Stanford University
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Digital Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer
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Stanford researchers have developed a new mode of operating a time-of-flight mass spectrometer in which a continuous ion beam emerges from the source, such as in electrospray ionization, electron impact ionization, surface adsorbate ionization, etc. In brief, the continuous ion stream is modulated by a pseudo-random sequence of on and off pulses before being detected in a straight-through fashion ...
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Stanford University
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Diode Laser Pumped Co-Doped Laser
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A miniature solid state near room temperature laser includes a laser crystal doped with a laser ion and an absorber ion. The absorber ion absorbs pumping radiation derived from the output of a laser diode and transfers the absorbed energy to the laser ion for inverting the population of the desired energy transition levels to produce an eyesafe output beam with wavelengths greater than 1.4 microns...
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Stanford University
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Diode Laser Pumped, Intracavity Double Blue Source
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A source of coherent blue light comprises a diode laser for pumping a Nd3+ doped member of lasant material disposed within an optical resonator for exciting the 4 F3/2 -4 I9/2 laser transition of a wavelength within the range of 0.870 to 0.960 m. The laser radiation within the optical resonator is doubled by means of a doubler crystal of a non-linear, electro-optic material to produce blue light w...
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Stanford University
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Diode Pumped Nd:Glass Laser
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A semiconductive diode pumped Nd:glass laser is disclosed in which standard low-loss Nd:glass is employed as the gain medium. In some embodiments, miniature optical resonators are employed for resonating the lasant radiation within the gain medium. One or more of the reflectors of the optical resonator are preferably defined by one or more faces of the glass gain medium. Travelling wave, Q-switche...
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Stanford University
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Displacement-sensitive Photonic Crystal Structures
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In optical devices such as switches and modulators, the mechanical parts typically need to move by distances close to the operating light's wavelength. Reducing this distance is critical to optical MEMS research, because this reduction directly increases the device's response speed and reduces the actuation force. This invention introduces mechanically tunable photonic crystal structures consistin...
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Stanford University
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Distance and Location Determination for Multiple Tagged Items using RFID
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Stanford researchers have developed novel methods to be used in RFID devices for: Measuring received signal strength in energy transmission between an RFID reader device and any number of RFID tagsMeasuring the distance between the RFID reader and the tagsDetermining the location of RFID tagsIncreasing the range of signal communication for distance measurement between the RFID reader and the RFID ...
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Stanford University
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Distance Ranging Device
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Stanford researchers have invented a novel device for measuring relative distance. The device emits sound which changes as one moves closer to or further away from an object. It has a sensitivity of up to three to four feet. The device uses only simple analog components, and is significantly less costly to produce than traditional methods which achieve linear distance ranging with time-gain amplif...
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Stanford University
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DiVAS (Digital Video-Audio-Sketch)
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Today most digital content is limited to digital archives of formal documents (e.g. CAD Word, Excel, video footage) searchable in limited ways (keyword, date, originator).Stanford researchers have created DiVAS (Digital Video-Audio-Sketch), a software environment that captures the context and content created during analog activities expressed through the gestures, speech, and sketches. This provid...
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